What do systematic reviews say?

Chinese medicine vs placebo or usual care

Traditional Chinese Medicine showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with placebo or usual care (low certainty).

• Pharmacological interventions for treating chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.34 [0.22, 8.02]
  4 studies · 584 participants
  Low

Intervention diet vs control diet

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Dietary interventions for induction and maintenance of remission in inflammatory bowel disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention diet vs control diet

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Dietary interventions for induction and maintenance of remission in inflammatory bowel disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention diet vs control diet

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Dietary interventions for induction and maintenance of remission in inflammatory bowel disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention diet vs control diet

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Dietary interventions for induction and maintenance of remission in inflammatory bowel disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Cetylpyridinium chloride mouthwash vs Placebo mouthwash

• Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  2 weeks
  Adverse events reported by Borden 2002 were not related to the interventions.
  1 study · 47 participants
  GRADE not reported

Chlorine dioxide mouthrinse (with tongue scraping) vs Chlorhexidine mouthwash (with tongue scraping)

• Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  1 week
  Wirthlin 2011 reported altered taste sensation as the adverse event. OLT scores could not be included in the analysis as the group-wise data were not given.
  1 study · 22 participants
  GRADE not reported

0.6% eucalyptus chewing gum vs Placebo chewing gum

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  mean 4 weeks
  Adverse events: listed in the Summary of findings table but no data reported. No data were reported for adverse events.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Sodium bicarbonate toothpaste vs Control toothpaste (without sodium bicarbonate)

• Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  6 weeks
  Adverse events reported by Lomax 2017 were not related to the interventions.
  1 study · 148 participants
  GRADE not reported

Toothbrushing + 0.075% cetylpyridinium chloride mouthwash vs Toothbrushing alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  mean 3 weeks
  Adverse events: listed in the Summary of findings table but no data reported. No data were reported for adverse events.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Essential oil mouthwash vs Placebo mouthwash

• Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  2 weeks
  Adverse events reported by Borden 2002 were not related to the interventions.
  1 study · 45 participants
  GRADE not reported

Triclosan/copolymer-containing fluoride toothpaste vs Sodium fluoride (control) toothpaste

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  mean 1 week
  Adverse events: listed in the Summary of findings table but no data reported. No data were reported for adverse events.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes adverse events Length of (very low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing falls in older people in care facilities and hospitals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 4.84 [0.24, 98.9]
  2 studies · 747 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: Additional exercise plus physiotherapy vs usual physiotherapy

• Interventions for preventing falls in older people in care facilities and hospitals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 161 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: Bed alarms vs usual care

• Interventions for preventing falls in older people in care facilities and hospitals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 27742 participants
  Very low

Exercise vs usual care

• Interventions for preventing falls in older people in care facilities and hospitals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 1032 participants
  Very low

Medication review vs usual care

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: General medication review changes adverse events Length of compared with usual care (very low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing falls in older people in care facilities and hospitals 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.07 [0.23, 5.01]
  1 study · 93 participants
  Very low

H2 receptor antagonists vs placebo or no prophylaxis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people admitted to intensive care units 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) vs placebo or no prophylaxis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people admitted to intensive care units 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Antacids vs placebo or no prophylaxis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people admitted to intensive care units 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found