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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4 questions · 4 findings · 4 reviews · Airways

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 2 · 50%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 1 · 25%High 1 · 25%

Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) vs usual care

Adverse events: number of people with 1 or more (all‐cause) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

It is very uncertain whether multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) changes adverse events: number of people with 1 or more (all‐cause) compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Serious Adverse Events (Participants with one or more event) · Adults (>18 years) with pulmonary hypertension of varied aetiology (PAH, CTEPH and left heart disease)

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes serious Adverse Events (Participants with one or more event) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D vs placebo

Proportion of participants with one or more serious adverse events due to any cause · children and adults with predominantly mild to moderate asthma

Summary of findings table ‐ Vitamin D showed no clear difference in proportion of participants with one or more serious adverse events… compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo

Serious adverse events WMD of · Adults (aged 40 or over) with COPD presenting with 1 or more exacerbations in the previous year. The 2 larger studies (Albert 2011; Sethi…

Antibiotics showed no clear difference in serious adverse events WMD of compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review