Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

19 questions · 19 findings · 11 reviews · Epilepsy

No studies found 3 · 15.8%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 5 · 26.3%Low 3 · 15.8%Moderate 4 · 21.1%High 4 · 21.1%

Carisbamate vs placebo

Drowsiness/somnolence (Event rate during treatment, length of treatment varied across trials) · people with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy

Carisbamate may leads to higher adverse events: somnolence compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Omega‐3 (with risperidone and previous ASM) vs risperidone and previous ASM only

Adverse drug events · people with ADHD and epilepsy

Omega‐3 (with risperidone and previous ASM) showed no clear difference in proportion of people experiencing adverse drug events compared with risperidone and previous ASM only (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Brivaracetam vs placebo

Adverse events as N of participants with at least one adverse event objective · people with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy

Brivaracetam showed no clear difference in proportion of participants who experienced any adverse events compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Losigamone vs placebo

Proportion of participants experiencing adverse events · people with focal epilepsy

Losigamone showed no clear difference in the proportion of participants experiencing any adverse events compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oxcarbazepine vs phenytoin

Time to treatment failure due to adverse events All participants Range of · people with newly diagnosed epilepsy

Summary of findings: oxcarbazepine leads to lower time to treatment failure due to adverse events All participants… compared with phenytoin (primary outcomes) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Brivaracetam vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy

Brivaracetam may leads to higher proportion of participants who experienced adverse events leading to… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Clonazepam vs carbamazepine

Proportion of participants with treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) ‐ Leading to discontinuation during the treatment period № of participants: 36 (1 RCT) · people with newly diagnosed epilepsy

It is very uncertain whether clonazepam changes proportion of participants with treatment‐emergent adverse events… compared with carbamazepine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review