Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

419 questions · 420 findings · 128 reviews

No studies found 71 · 16.9%GRADE not reported 69 · 16.4%Very low 96 · 22.9%Low 116 · 27.6%Moderate 63 · 15%High 5 · 1.2%

Oral propranolol vs placebo

Adverse events ‐ treatment emergent · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review

Combined oral contraceptive pill vs levonorgestrel intrauterine system

Adverse effects ‐ Any adverse events · heavy menstrual bleeding

It is very uncertain whether combined oral contraceptive pill changes adverse effects ‐ Any adverse events compared with levonorgestrel‐releasing intrauterine system (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral alkylating agents ± steroids vs steroids or placebo or both, or no treatment

Adverse events: malignancy · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

It is very uncertain whether oral alkylating agents ± steroids changes adverse events ‐ malignancy at final compared with placebo/no treatment/steroids (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral alkylating agents ± steroids vs steroids or placebo or both, or no treatment

Adverse events ‐ infection at 3 years · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

It is very uncertain whether oral alkylating agents ± steroids changes adverse events ‐ infection at 3 years compared with placebo/no treatment/steroids (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral diazepam vs placebo

Adverse events (reported; mild, no withdrawals) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review

Oral diclofenac sodium (NSAID) vs placebo

Adverse events (reported; mild, no withdrawals) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review

Oral prazepam (benzodiazepine) vs placebo

Adverse events (reported; mild, no withdrawals) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review

Oral celecoxib (COX-2 inhibitor) vs placebo

Adverse events (reported; mild, no withdrawals) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review

Oral gabapentin vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review

Oral clonazepam (benzodiazepine) vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review

Oral cyclobenzaprine (muscle relaxant) vs placebo

Adverse events (reported; mild, no withdrawals) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Oral small molecule inhibitors (apremilast or baricitinib) vs placebo

Incidence of serious adverse events · adults with alopecia areata

Summary of findings table ‐ Oral small molecule inhibitors… showed no clear difference in incidence of serious adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral immunosuppressants: oral cyclosporin vs topical betamethasone dipropionate

Number of participants with any adverse event (primary tolerability outcome) · people with hand eczema, continuously for 6 months, significant disability, inadequate response to conventional treatment, confirmation by…

Oral immunosuppressants: oral cyclosporin showed no clear difference in primary: adverse events ‐ at least 1 adverse event compared with topical betamethasone dipropionate (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral methotrexate plus intra‐articular glucocorticoid vs intra‐articular glucocorticoid alone

Withdrawals due to adverse events · children and young people with JIA

Oral methotrexate plus intra‐articular glucocorticoid showed no clear difference in withdrawals due to adverse events(12 months) compared with intra‐articular glucocorticoid alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Package of oral health education/promotion including oral hygiene advice for pregnant women, mothers, infants and young children, plus dietary and feeding practice advice for infants and young children vs usual care

Adverse events for mother or child · For interventions, pregnant women, mothers or other caregivers of infants in the first year of life; for outcomes, children up to 6 years…
1 finding from 1 review