What do systematic reviews say?

Physiotherapy with traction vs physiotherapy without traction

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Traction for low‐back pain with or without sciatica 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Hypofractionated radiotherapy vs daily conventionally fractionated radiotherapy

• External beam radiation dose escalation for high grade glioma 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 848 participants
  GRADE not reported

Balneotherapy vs melilotus officinalis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Balneotherapy for chronic venous insufficiency 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Balneotherapy vs dryland exercise

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Balneotherapy for chronic venous insufficiency 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Timer watch plus standard urotherapy vs urotherapy alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Conservative interventions for treating functional daytime urinary incontinence in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

First‐line chemotherapy vs BSC

• Chemotherapy versus best supportive care for extensive small cell lung cancer 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 65 participants
  Very low

Electrical stimulation plus drug therapy vs drug therapy alone

It is very uncertain whether electrical stimulation plus drug therapy changes adverse effects compared with drug therapy alone (very low certainty).

• Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted electrodes for overactive bladder in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.45 [0.04, 4.55]
  1 study · 38 participants
  Very low

Physiotherapy vs minimal care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Physiotherapy for pain and disability in adults with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) types I and II 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Physiotherapy vs minimal care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Physiotherapy for pain and disability in adults with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) types I and II 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Daily conventionally fractionated radiotherapy vs supportive care

• External beam radiation dose escalation for high grade glioma 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 289 participants
  GRADE not reported

Electrical stimulation plus behavioural therapy vs behavioural therapy alone

• Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted electrodes for overactive bladder in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with urotherapy vs urotherapy alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Conservative interventions for treating functional daytime urinary incontinence in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Photodynamic therapy with verteporfin vs photodynamic therapy with 5% dextrose

Photodynamic therapy with verteporfin leads to higher adverse effects: infusion‐related back pain compared with photodynamic therapy with 5% dextrose (high certainty).

• Photodynamic therapy for neovascular age‐related macular degeneration 2007 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 9.93 [2.82, 35.02]
  4 studies · 1439 participants
  High

Voiding education with uroflow feedback and urotherapy vs urotherapy alone

• Conservative interventions for treating functional daytime urinary incontinence in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 133 participants
  GRADE not reported

Photodynamic therapy with verteporfin vs photodynamic therapy with 5% dextrose

Photodynamic therapy with verteporfin showed no clear difference in adverse effects: acute severe visual acuity decrease compared with photodynamic therapy with 5% dextrose (moderate certainty).

• Photodynamic therapy for neovascular age‐related macular degeneration 2007 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 3.75 [0.87, 16.12]
  3 studies · 1075 participants
  Moderate

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and standard urotherapy vs pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with electromyographic biofeedback and standard urotherapy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Conservative interventions for treating functional daytime urinary incontinence in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Progestogen therapy (luteal phase only) vs other medical therapy

It is very uncertain whether progestogen therapy (luteal phase only) changes total adverse effects compared with other medical therapy (very low certainty).

• Cyclical progestogens for heavy menstrual bleeding 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.68 [0.36, 1.28]
  5 studies · 197 participants
  Very low

Balneotherapy vs no treatment

Balneotherapy showed no clear difference in adverse effects of treatment (thromboembolic event) compared with no treatment (low certainty).

• Balneotherapy for chronic venous insufficiency 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.35 [0.09, 1.42]
  3 studies · 584 participants
  Low

Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with electromyography biofeedback and standard urotherapy vs pelvic floor muscle training without biofeedback but with standard urotherapy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Conservative interventions for treating functional daytime urinary incontinence in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings table: Art therapy vs active control

• Art therapy for people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 60 participants
  Very low