What do systematic reviews say?

Orthodontic treatment with appliances inducing stable, permanent orthodontic tooth movement (splints worn 8 to 12 weeks and surgical interventions excluded) vs Control: no treatment, placebo, or reassurance

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Orthodontics for treating temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders 2010 · Cochrane All outcomes

  At least 6 months after the intervention
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies
  No studies found

Intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate vs corticosteroid injection

Intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate showed no clear difference in complications (adverse effects) compared with intra-articular injection of corticosteroids (betamethasone); GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for managing temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
  RR 1.20 [0.44, 3.30]
  1 study · 40 participants
  GRADE not reported

Oral diclofenac sodium (NSAID) vs splint

Diclofenac sodium (oral NSAID) showed no clear difference in complications (adverse effects) compared with occlusal splint therapy; GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for managing temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
  RR 1.07 [0.50, 2.28]
  1 study · 29 participants
  GRADE not reported

Summary of findings table ‐ Topical capsaicin vs placebo

• Pharmacological interventions for pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders 2010 · Cochrane All outcomes

  4 weeks
  Three participants from the topical capsaicin group withdrew from the study by Winocur et al 2000 due to the severity of the burning sensation and redness.
  1 study · 30 participants
  GRADE not reported

Oral gabapentin vs placebo

• Pharmacological interventions for pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders 2010 · Cochrane All outcomes

  12 weeks
  Four of the participants withdrew from the study by Kimos et al 2007 due to adverse effects, but neither the type of adverse effect nor the trial group was specified.
  1 study · 44 participants
  GRADE not reported

Oral glucosamine hydrochloride/chondroitin sulphate vs placebo

• Pharmacological interventions for pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders 2010 · Cochrane All outcomes

  3 months
  Two allergic reactions and one severe abdominal pain led to three withdrawals from the intervention group in the study by Nguyen et al 2001.
  1 study · 45 participants
  GRADE not reported

Oral clonazepam (benzodiazepine) vs placebo

• Pharmacological interventions for pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders 2010 · Cochrane All outcomes

  60 days
  One participant in the clonazepam group withdrew from the study by Harkins et al 1991 due to severe headache.
  1 study · 20 participants
  GRADE not reported