Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

6 questions · 6 findings · 2 reviews · Kidney and Transplant

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 6 · 100%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Calcineurin inhibitors ± oral steroids vs oral steroids alone

Adverse effects: acne · minimal change disease in adults with nephrotic syndrome

Calcineurin inhibitors ± oral steroids may leads to lower adverse effects: acne compared with oral steroids alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for minimal change disease in adults with nephrotic syndrome 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.15 [0.03, 0.67]
4 studies · 270 participants
Low

Calcineurin inhibitors ± oral steroids vs oral steroids alone

Adverse events: hypertension · minimal change disease in adults with nephrotic syndrome

Calcineurin inhibitors ± oral steroids showed no clear difference in adverse effects: hypertension compared with oral steroids alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for minimal change disease in adults with nephrotic syndrome 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.86 [0.23, 3.2]
3 studies · 219 participants
Low

Calcineurin inhibitors ± oral steroids vs oral steroids alone

Adverse effects: diabetes or hyperglycaemia · minimal change disease in adults with nephrotic syndrome

Calcineurin inhibitors ± oral steroids showed no clear difference in adverse effects: diabetes or hyperglycaemia compared with oral steroids alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for minimal change disease in adults with nephrotic syndrome 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.48 [0.19, 1.25]
7 studies · 450 participants
Low

Calcineurin inhibitors ± oral steroids vs oral steroids alone

Adverse effects: obesity or Cushing's Syndrome · minimal change disease in adults with nephrotic syndrome

Calcineurin inhibitors ± oral steroids may leads to lower adverse effects: obesity or Cushing's Syndrome compared with oral steroids alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for minimal change disease in adults with nephrotic syndrome 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.11 [0.02, 0.59]
5 studies · 388 participants
Low

Levamisole vs steroids or placebo or both, or no treatment

Adverse effects: leucopenia · SSNS in children

Levamisole showed no clear difference in adverse effects: leucopenia compared with steroids or placebo or both, or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐corticosteroid immunosuppressive medications for steroid‐sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 4.18 [0.72, 24.21]
3 studies · 214 participants
Low

Levamisole vs steroids or placebo or both, or no treatment

Adverse effects: ANCA positive/arthritis · SSNS in children

Levamisole showed no clear difference in adverse effects: ANCA positive/arthritis compared with steroids or placebo or both, or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐corticosteroid immunosuppressive medications for steroid‐sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 3 [0.13, 71.92]
1 study · 100 participants
Low