What do systematic reviews say?

Topical triamcinolone acetonide vs pimecrolimus 1%

Topical triamcinolone acetonide showed no clear difference in adverse effects compared with topical pimecrolimus; GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for treating oral lichen planus: corticosteroid therapies 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes

  end of treatment
  RR 0.21 [0.01, 4.10]
  1 study · 35 participants
  GRADE not reported

Topical triamcinolone acetonide vs Topical tacrolimus

Topical triamcinolone acetonide may leads to lower adverse effects compared with topical tacrolimus (low certainty).

• Interventions for treating oral lichen planus: corticosteroid therapies 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes

  3-8 weeks
  RR 0.47 [0.22, 0.99]
  2 studies · 58 participants
  Low

The wand (computer-controlled LA delivery system) vs Sleeper One (electronic LA delivery system)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for increasing acceptance of local anaesthetic in children and adolescents having dental treatment 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes

  During LA (injection is the intervention)
  Adverse effects: included studies did not report on this outcome
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Electrical counter-stimulation device (DentalVibe) vs Conventional treatment (no stimulation)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for increasing acceptance of local anaesthetic in children and adolescents having dental treatment 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes

  During LA
  Adverse effects: included studies did not report on this outcome
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Counter-stimulation and distraction (combined) vs Conventional treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for increasing acceptance of local anaesthetic in children and adolescents having dental treatment 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes

  During LA
  Adverse effects: included studies did not report on this outcome
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Topical clobetasol propionate vs Topical tacrolimus

It is very uncertain whether topical clobetasol propionate changes adverse effects compared with topical tacrolimus (very low certainty).

• Interventions for treating oral lichen planus: corticosteroid therapies 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes

  3-8 weeks
  RR 0.05 [0.00, 0.83]
  2 studies · 100 participants
  Very low

Topical triamcinolone acetonide vs Topical ciclosporin

Topical triamcinolone acetonide led to lower adverse effects compared with topical ciclosporin; GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for treating oral lichen planus: corticosteroid therapies 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes

  end of treatment
  RR 0.15 [0.05, 0.49]
  1 study · 139 participants
  GRADE not reported

Hypnosis vs Conventional treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for increasing acceptance of local anaesthetic in children and adolescents having dental treatment 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Immediately before or during LA
  Adverse effects: included studies did not report on this outcome
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Video modelling acclimatisation vs Acclimatisation in clinic (tell-show-do)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for increasing acceptance of local anaesthetic in children and adolescents having dental treatment 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes

  In advance of LA
  Adverse effects: included studies did not report on this outcome
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

The wand (computer-controlled LA delivery system) vs other local anaesthetic

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for increasing acceptance of local anaesthetic in children and adolescents having dental treatment 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes

  During LA (injection is the intervention)
  Adverse effects: included studies did not report on this outcome
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Dexamethasone + nystatin + curcumin (adjunctive) vs Dexamethasone + nystatin + placebo

• Interventions for treating oral lichen planus: corticosteroid therapies 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Amirchaghmaghi 2016: no adverse effects recorded in either group (low-certainty)
  1 study
  Low

Counter-stimulation or distraction vs Conventional treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for increasing acceptance of local anaesthetic in children and adolescents having dental treatment 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Immediately before or during LA
  Adverse effects: included studies did not report on this outcome
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Any prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis

It is very uncertain whether any prophylaxis changes adverse effects compared with no prophylaxis (very low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing ophthalmia neonatorum 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.93
  1993 participants
  Very low

Azithromycin (500 mg 20 ‐ 28 days) vs meglumine antimoniate (15 ‐ 20 mg/kg/d

• Interventions for American cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 45 participants
  Moderate

Thermotherapy one session (at 50 ºC for 30 seconds) vs meglumine antimoniate (20 mg Sb5/kg/day

• Interventions for American cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 292 participants
  High

Pentoxifylline (oral 400 mg thrice daily) plus meglumine antimoniate (IMMA) (20 mg/ kg /day for 20 days) vs IMMA plus placebo

• Interventions for American cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 70 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions to slow progression of myopia in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Pedometer intervention vs minimal intervention

Pedometer intervention may leads to lower adverse effects compared with minimal intervention (low certainty).

• Workplace pedometer interventions for increasing physical activity 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.5 [0.3, 0.84]
  2 studies · 286 participants
  Low

Pre-cooling of the injection site vs Conventional treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for increasing acceptance of local anaesthetic in children and adolescents having dental treatment 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Immediately before LA
  Adverse effects: included studies did not report on this outcome
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Audiovisual distraction vs Conventional treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for increasing acceptance of local anaesthetic in children and adolescents having dental treatment 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes

  During LA
  Adverse effects: included studies did not report on this outcome
  Studies not reported
  No studies found