What do systematic reviews say?

hCG vs LH surge

It is very uncertain whether hCG changes live birth rate per couple compared with LH surge (very low certainty).

• Synchronised approach for intrauterine insemination in subfertile couples 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1 [0.06, 18.08]
  1 study · 24 participants
  Very low

hCG vs GnRH agonist

hCG showed no clear difference in live birth rate per couple compared with gnRH‐a (low certainty).

• Synchronised approach for intrauterine insemination in subfertile couples 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.04 [0.42, 2.56]
  3 studies · 104 participants
  Low

hCG vs GnRH agonist

hCG showed no clear difference in pregnancy rate per couple compared with gnRH‐a (low certainty).

• Synchronised approach for intrauterine insemination in subfertile couples 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.14 [0.63, 2.08]
  4 studies · 206 participants
  Low

hCG vs GnRH agonist

It is very uncertain whether hCG changes multiple pregnancy rate per pregnancy compared with gnRH‐a (very low certainty).

• Synchronised approach for intrauterine insemination in subfertile couples 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.15 [0.02, 1.38]
  4 studies · 74 participants
  Very low

hCG vs GnRH agonist

It is very uncertain whether hCG changes miscarriage rate per pregnancy compared with gnRH‐a (very low certainty).

• Synchronised approach for intrauterine insemination in subfertile couples 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.72 [0.48, 6.2]
  4 studies · 74 participants
  Very low

hCG vs LH surge

hCG showed no clear difference in pregnancy rate per couple compared with LH surge (low certainty).

• Synchronised approach for intrauterine insemination in subfertile couples 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.33 [0.72, 2.45]
  4 studies · 275 participants
  Low

hCG vs GnRH agonist

hCG showed no clear difference in OHSS per cycle compared with gnRH‐a (low certainty).

• Synchronised approach for intrauterine insemination in subfertile couples 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 2.27 [0.65, 7.91]
  3 studies · 456 participants
  Low

hCG vs LH surge

It is very uncertain whether hCG changes multiple pregnancy rate per pregnancy compared with LH surge (very low certainty).

• Synchronised approach for intrauterine insemination in subfertile couples 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.12 [0.17, 7.6]
  2 studies · 42 participants
  Very low

u‐hCG vs r‐hCG

u‐hCG showed no clear difference in live birth rate per couple compared with r‐hCG (low certainty).

• Synchronised approach for intrauterine insemination in subfertile couples 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.17 [0.68, 2.03]
  1 study · 284 participants
  Low

u‐hCG vs r‐hCG

u‐hCG showed no clear difference in pregnancy rate per couple compared with r‐hCG (low certainty).

• Synchronised approach for intrauterine insemination in subfertile couples 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.02 [0.65, 1.57]
  2 studies · 409 participants
  Low

u‐hCG vs r‐hCG

u‐hCG showed no clear difference in multiple pregnancy rate per pregnancy compared with r‐hCG (low certainty).

• Synchronised approach for intrauterine insemination in subfertile couples 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.99 [0.4, 2.47]
  2 studies · 109 participants
  Low

u‐hCG vs r‐hCG

It is very uncertain whether u‐hCG changes miscarriage rate per pregnancy compared with r‐hCG (very low certainty).

• Synchronised approach for intrauterine insemination in subfertile couples 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.57 [0.13, 2.47]
  2 studies · 109 participants
  Very low

u‐hCG vs r‐hCG

• Synchronised approach for intrauterine insemination in subfertile couples 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 468 participants
  Moderate

Early hCG vs late hCG

Early hCG showed no clear difference in pregnancy rate per couple compared with late hCG (low certainty).

• Synchronised approach for intrauterine insemination in subfertile couples 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.32 [0.77, 2.25]
  1 study · 612 participants
  Low

Early hCG vs late hCG

It is very uncertain whether early hCG changes miscarriage rate compared with late hCG (very low certainty).

• Synchronised approach for intrauterine insemination in subfertile couples 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.51 [0.08, 3.28]
  1 study · 65 participants
  Very low

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection vs no treatment

It is very uncertain whether human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection changes clinical pregnancy rate compared with no treatment (very low certainty).

• Luteal phase support for women trying to conceive by intrauterine insemination or sexual intercourse 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.93 [0.4, 2.13]
  1 study · 130 participants
  Very low

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection vs no treatment

It is very uncertain whether human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection changes multiple pregnancy rate compared with no treatment (very low certainty).

• Luteal phase support for women trying to conceive by intrauterine insemination or sexual intercourse 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.03 [0.22, 4.92]
  1 study · 130 participants
  Very low