Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

7 questions · 7 findings · 1 reviews · Lung Cancer

No studies found 2 · 28.6%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 3 · 42.9%Moderate 2 · 28.6%High 0 · 0%

Incidence: lung cancer · relatively healthy postmenopausal women

Vitamin D plus calcium showed no clear difference in incidence: lung cancer compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Drugs for preventing lung cancer in healthy people 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.9 [0.39, 2.08]
3 studies · 37061 participants
Low

Mortality: lung cancer · relatively healthy postmenopausal women

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Drugs for preventing lung cancer in healthy people 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Adverse events: renal calculi · relatively healthy postmenopausal women

Vitamin D plus calcium showed no clear difference in adverse events: renal calculi compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Drugs for preventing lung cancer in healthy people 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.49 [0.7, 3.17]
2 studies · 2931 participants
Moderate

Adverse events: serum calcium above normal · relatively healthy postmenopausal women

Vitamin D plus calcium showed no clear difference in adverse events: serum calcium above normal compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Drugs for preventing lung cancer in healthy people 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.98 [0.6, 14.74]
1 study · 2197 participants
Low

Incidence: all cancers · relatively healthy postmenopausal women

Vitamin D plus calcium showed no clear difference in incidence: all cancers compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Drugs for preventing lung cancer in healthy people 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.73 [0.48, 1.11]
3 studies · 37061 participants
Low

Mortality: all cancers · relatively healthy postmenopausal women

Vitamin D plus calcium showed no clear difference in mortality: all cancers compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Drugs for preventing lung cancer in healthy people 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.91 [0.78, 1.05]
1 study · 34670 participants
Moderate

Mortality: all causes · relatively healthy postmenopausal women

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Drugs for preventing lung cancer in healthy people 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found