Low birthweight · Women receiving supplements in pregnancy
Any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and… showed no clear difference in low birthweight (less than 2500 g) compared with daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐infant outcomes (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Participants with at least some Side Effects · Women receiving supplements in pregnancy
It is very uncertain whether any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and… changes side effects (any reported throughout intervention period) compared with daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐maternal outcomes (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Severe anaemia at any time during second and third trimester (Hb less than 70 g/L) · Women receiving supplements in pregnancy
1 finding from 1 review
Maternal clinical malaria or other infection in pregnancy · Women receiving supplements in pregnancy
Any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and… led to lower maternal clinical malaria or other infection in pregnancy compared with daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐maternal outcomes; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Birthweight (g) · Women receiving supplements in pregnancy
Any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and… showed no clear difference in birthweight (g) compared with daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐infant outcomes (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Gestational age (preterm birth < 37 weeks) · Women receiving supplements in pregnancy
Any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and… showed no clear difference in premature birth (less than 37 weeks of gestation) compared with daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐infant outcomes (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Neonatal mortality · Women receiving supplements in pregnancy
It is very uncertain whether any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and… changes neonatal death (within 28 days after delivery) compared with daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐infant outcomes (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Congenital anomalies (including neural tube defects) · Women receiving supplements in pregnancy
1 finding from 1 review
Maternal anaemia at term (Hb less than 110 g/L at 37 weeks' gestation or more) (ALL) · Women receiving supplements in pregnancy
It is very uncertain whether any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and… changes maternal anaemia at term (Hb less than 110 g/L at 37 weeks'… compared with daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐maternal outcomes (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Iron deficiency at term (as defined by trialists, based on any indicator of iron status at 37 wk gestation or more) · Women receiving supplements in pregnancy
1 finding from 1 review
Maternal iron‐deficiency anaemia at term (Hb less than 110 g/L and at least 1 additional laboratory indicators at 37 weeks' gestation or more) · Women receiving supplements in pregnancy
It is very uncertain whether any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and… changes maternal iron‐deficiency anaemia at term (Hb less than 110 g/L and… compared with daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐maternal outcomes (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Maternal death · Women receiving supplements in pregnancy
Any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and… led to lower maternal death (death while pregnant or within 42 days of… compared with daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐maternal outcomes; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Spina bifida · health: non‐randomised studies
It is very uncertain whether wheat flour or wheat flour products fortified with folic acid plus… changes spina bifida compared with unfortified wheat flours or wheat flour products (not containing… (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.29 [0.16, 0.56]
8037 participants
Very low
Encephalocoele · health: non‐randomised studies
It is very uncertain whether wheat flour or wheat flour products fortified with folic acid plus… changes encephalocoele compared with unfortified wheat flours or wheat flour products (not containing… (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.26 [0.13, 0.56]
8037 participants
Very low
Fatal anencephaly · health: non‐randomised studies
It is very uncertain whether wheat flour or wheat flour products fortified with folic acid plus… changes fatal anencephaly compared with unfortified wheat flours or wheat flour products (not containing… (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.47 [0.21, 1.07]
8037 participants
Very low
Folate concentration Serum folate levels, measured between 6 and 12 months after entry to the study · health: non‐randomised studies
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
657 participants
Very low
Anaemia · health: non‐randomised studies
It is very uncertain whether wheat flour or wheat flour products fortified with folic acid plus… changes anaemia compared with unfortified wheat flours or wheat flour products (not containing… (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.87 [0.68, 1.11]
657 participants
Very low
Erythrocyte folate concentrations (nmol/L) · health outcomes
1 finding from 1 review
Folate concentration Serum folate levels, measured between 6 and 12 months after entry to the study · health outcomes
1 finding from 1 review
Anaemia · health outcomes
Wheat flour or wheat flour products fortified with folic acid plus… showed no clear difference in anaemia compared with unfortified wheat flours or wheat flour products (not containing… (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review