Severity of pain (at study end, using the Faces Pain Scale) · children (4 to 18 years) with functional abdominal pain disorders
It is very uncertain whether synbiotic changes severity of pain (at study end, using the Faces Pain Scale) compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pain frequency or change in pain frequency · children (4 to 18 years) with functional abdominal pain disorders
1 finding from 1 review
Withdrawals due to adverse events · children (4 to 18 years) with functional abdominal pain disorders
It is very uncertain whether synbiotic changes withdrawals due to adverse events compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Serious adverse events · children (4 to 18 years) with functional abdominal pain disorders
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events (any) · children (4 to 18 years) with functional abdominal pain disorders
It is very uncertain whether synbiotic changes adverse events (any) compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Treatment success as defined by the authors · children (4 to 18 years) with functional abdominal pain disorders
Synbiotic may leads to higher treatment success (at study end, as reported by study authors) compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pain resolution · children (4 to 18 years) with functional abdominal pain disorders
Synbiotic showed no clear difference in complete resolution of pain (at study end, as reported by study… compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
eGFR · people with CKD
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Indoxyl sulfate · people with CKD
1 finding from 1 review
Change in any GI upset (borborygmi) · people with CKD
It is very uncertain whether synbiotic changes change in any GI upset (borborygmi) compared with prebiotic (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Change in any GI upset (GSRS total index) · people with CKD
1 finding from 1 review
Microbiota composition · people with CKD
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Graft function · people with CKD
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Graft infection · people with CKD
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Albuminuria or proteinuria · people with CKD
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Indoxyl sulfate · people with CKD
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Change in any GI upset or intolerance · people with CKD
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Microbiota composition · people with CKD
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
eGFR · people with CKD
1 finding from 1 review
Albuminuria or proteinuria · people with CKD
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found