What do systematic reviews say?

Surgery fee waiver with/without transport provision or reimbursement to improve access to cataract surgical services vs usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions to improve access to cataract surgical services and their impact on equity in low‐ and middle‐income… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Computer‐assisted reconstruction surgery vs conventional operating techniques

• Computer‐assisted surgery for knee ligament reconstruction 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 140 participants
  GRADE not reported

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to interval surgery (NACT) vs surgery followed by chemotherapy (PDS)

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to interval surgery (NACT) probably leads to lower surgically‐related severe adverse effects (grade 3+) ‐ postoperative… compared with surgery followed by chemotherapy (PDS) (moderate certainty).

• Neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery versus surgery followed by chemotherapy for initial treatment in advanced… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.22 [0.13, 0.38]
  2 studies · 435 participants
  Moderate

Surgery vs preoperative pharmacological therapy and surgery

It is very uncertain whether surgery alone changes adverse events compared with preoperative pharmacological therapy and surgery (very low certainty).

• Surgical and non‐surgical interventions for primary and salvage treatment of growth hormone‐secreting pituitary… 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.23 [0.7, 2.03]
  5 studies · 267 participants
  Very low

Surgery vs Pharmacological therapy

It is very uncertain whether surgery alone changes adverse events compared with pharmacological therapy alone (very low certainty).

• Surgical and non‐surgical interventions for primary and salvage treatment of growth hormone‐secreting pituitary… 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.09 [0.01, 1.47]
  1 study · 22 participants
  Very low

Surgery vs Radiotherapy alone

• Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers: surgical treatment 2023 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Adverse events: grade 2+ treatment-related events similar (31/34 radiotherapy vs 33/34 surgery; RR 0.94, 0.83 to 1.06); more hearing loss/neutropenia/constipation/tinnitus with radiotherapy, more oral bleeding/trismus…
  1 study · 68 participants
  Very low

Surgery plus radiotherapy vs Radiotherapy alone

• Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers: surgical treatment 2023 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Adverse events: severe acute effects in both groups (subcutaneous fibrosis, telangiectasia, moderate-to-severe oedema, xerostomia, trismus, dysphagia); subcutaneous fibrosis more prevalent with surgery + radiotherapy…
  1 study · 35 participants
  Very low

Surgery plus radiotherapy vs Chemotherapy (chemoradiotherapy)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers: surgical treatment 2023 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Adverse events: not reported for any participants (Iyer 2015).
  0 studies
  No studies found