Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

121 questions · 128 findings · 12 reviews

No studies found 34 · 26.6%GRADE not reported 2 · 1.6%Very low 37 · 28.9%Low 38 · 29.7%Moderate 15 · 11.7%High 2 · 1.6%

Intranasal steroid spray vs placebo

Adverse event: systemic corticosteroid side effects · children aged 6 months to 12 years with otitis media with effusion (OME)

It is very uncertain whether topical (intranasal) steroids changes adverse event: systemic corticosteroid side effects compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical antibiotics with steroids vs topical antibiotics

Health‐related quality of life · people (of any age) with chronic suppurative otitis media or ear discharge

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Topical antibiotics with steroids vs topical antibiotics

Ear pain (otalgia) or discomfort or local irritation · people (of any age) with chronic suppurative otitis media or ear discharge

It is very uncertain whether topical antibiotics with steroids changes ear pain (otalgia) or discomfort or local irritation compared with topical antibiotics alone (same antibiotics) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical antibiotics with steroids vs topical antibiotics

Serious complications (including intracranial complications, extracranial complications and death) · people (of any age) with chronic suppurative otitis media or ear discharge

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review