Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

42 questions · 44 findings · 6 reviews

No studies found 5 · 11.4%GRADE not reported 13 · 29.5%Very low 12 · 27.3%Low 8 · 18.2%Moderate 6 · 13.6%High 0 · 0%

Psychological therapy vs Waitlist/Usual Care

Secondary outcome: acceptability of treatment · people with somatoform disorders and medically unexplained physical symptoms

Psychological therapy probably leads to lower acceptability 1 ‐ proportion of participants withdrawing during… compared with usual care or waiting list (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapy vs Waitlist/Usual Care

Global Impressions scale change item (CGI‐I or similar): no. of responders (acute phase) · people with somatoform disorders and medically unexplained physical symptoms

Psychological therapy may leads to higher treatment response at end of treatment CGI‐improvement/Global… compared with usual care or waiting list (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapy vs enhanced or structured care

Secondary outcome: acceptability of treatment · people with somatoform disorders and medically unexplained physical symptoms

Psychological therapy showed no clear difference in acceptability 1 ‐ proportion of participants withdrawing during… compared with enhanced or structured care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological / counselling interventions (counselling, acupuncture, cognitive behavioural therapy, relaxation therapy, behaviour modification, electromyographic biofeedback, hypnosis, re-education) vs Another intervention, or no intervention

Outcome not reported · Patients of any age in any setting requiring intervention for iatrogenic injury to the inferior alveolar or lingual nerve

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological intervention and a form of psychotherapy (combination) vs pharmacological intervention and usual care or attention control (single)

Depression: meeting study criteria for depression at end of · people with depression after stroke
2 findings from 1 review

Pharmacological intervention and a form of psychotherapy (combination) vs pharmacological intervention and usual care or attention control (single)

Depression: < 50% reduction in scale scores at end of treatment (primary outcome) · people with depression after stroke
1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies (cognitive therapy) vs placebo

Relief of burning/discomfort (symptom relief; pain intensity) · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms

It is very uncertain whether psychological therapies (cognitive therapy) changes relief of burning/discomfort (symptom relief; pain intensity) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review