Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

6 questions · 6 findings · 1 reviews · Anaesthesia

No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 1 · 16.7%Very low 1 · 16.7%Low 2 · 33.3%Moderate 2 · 33.3%High 0 · 0%

Opioid consumption at 24 hours using morphine equivalents Scale from zero to 150 mg · adults undergoing surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Pre‐emptive and preventive opioids for postoperative pain in adults undergoing all types of surgery 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
11 studies · 526 participants
Very low

Intraoperative bradycardia (yes/no) · adults undergoing surgery

Preventive opioids showed no clear difference in intraoperative bradycardia (yes/no) compared with postincision opioids (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intraoperative hypotension (yes/no) · adults undergoing surgery

Preventive opioids showed no clear difference in intraoperative hypotension (yes/no) compared with postincision opioids (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acute postoperative pain 0 to 6 hours (Score 0 to 10, VAS or NRS Scale) · adults undergoing surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Pre‐emptive and preventive opioids for postoperative pain in adults undergoing all types of surgery 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
10 studies · 706 participants
Moderate

Respiratory depression (defined as SaO2 < 92%; yes/no during the postoperative period) · adults undergoing surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Pre‐emptive and preventive opioids for postoperative pain in adults undergoing all types of surgery 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 433 participants
GRADE not reported

Late acute postoperative pain (24‐48 hours postoperatively using a validated pain scale: 0, no pain to 10, maximum pain) · adults undergoing surgery

1 finding from 1 review