Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

7 questions · 7 findings · 1 reviews · Neonatal

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 3 · 42.9%Low 4 · 57.1%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Phenobarbital vs control

Ventricular dilation or hydrocephalus during hospitalisation · preterm infants with or at risk of IVH

It is very uncertain whether phenobarbital changes ventricular dilation or hydrocephalus during hospitalisation compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Postnatal phenobarbital for the prevention of intraventricular haemorrhage in preterm infants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.62 [0.31, 1.26]
4 studies · 271 participants
Very low

Phenobarbital vs control

IVH any grade (Papile classification) during hospitalisation · preterm infants with or at risk of IVH

Phenobarbital showed no clear difference in IVH any grade (Papile classification) during hospitalisation compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Postnatal phenobarbital for the prevention of intraventricular haemorrhage in preterm infants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1 [0.84, 1.19]
10 studies · 792 participants
Low

Phenobarbital vs control

Severe intraventricular haemorrhage · preterm infants with or at risk of IVH

Phenobarbital showed no clear difference in severe IVH (Papile classification) during hospitalisation compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Postnatal phenobarbital for the prevention of intraventricular haemorrhage in preterm infants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.88 [0.64, 1.21]
10 studies · 792 participants
Low

Phenobarbital vs control

Mild neurodevelopmental impairment at 27 months of age · preterm infants with or at risk of IVH

It is very uncertain whether phenobarbital changes mild neurodevelopmental impairment at 27 months of age compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Postnatal phenobarbital for the prevention of intraventricular haemorrhage in preterm infants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.57 [0.15, 2.17]
1 study · 101 participants
Very low

Phenobarbital vs control

Severe neurodevelopmental impairment at 9 to 27 months of age · preterm infants with or at risk of IVH

It is very uncertain whether phenobarbital changes severe neurodevelopmental impairment at 9 to 27 months of age compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Postnatal phenobarbital for the prevention of intraventricular haemorrhage in preterm infants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.12 [0.44, 2.82]
2 studies · 153 participants
Very low

Phenobarbital vs control

Mortality before hospital discharge · preterm infants with or at risk of IVH

Phenobarbital showed no clear difference in death before discharge compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Postnatal phenobarbital for the prevention of intraventricular haemorrhage in preterm infants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.88 [0.64, 1.21]
9 studies · 740 participants
Low

Phenobarbital vs control

All deaths during the study · preterm infants with or at risk of IVH

Phenobarbital showed no clear difference in all deaths during the study compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Postnatal phenobarbital for the prevention of intraventricular haemorrhage in preterm infants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.98 [0.72, 1.33]
10 studies · 792 participants
Low