Smoking cessation · tobacco smokers (adolescents, university students, adult primary care patients)
Motivational interviewing showed no clear difference in smoking cessation at ≥ 6 months compared with no treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Smoking cessation · tobacco smokers (general population, adolescents, offenders, homeless, substance users, hospital inpatients, HIV‐positive)
Motivational interviewing showed no clear difference in smoking cessation at ≥ 6 months compared with another smoking cessation intervention (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adherence ‐ not measured · patients with Improving outcomes in youth living with HIV
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Mortality ‐ not measured · patients with Improving outcomes in youth living with HIV
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Quality of life ‐ not measured · patients with Improving outcomes in youth living with HIV
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Viral load · patients with Improving outcomes in youth living with HIV
1 finding from 1 review
Retention in care Number attending last · patients with Improving outcomes in youth living with HIV
Motivational interviewing showed no clear difference in retention in care Number attending last compared with control (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Drug abuse Self reported use of marijuana · patients with Improving outcomes in youth living with HIV
Motivational interviewing showed no clear difference in drug abuse Self reported use of marijuana compared with control (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Alcohol abuse Self reported alcohol use · patients with Improving outcomes in youth living with HIV
Motivational interviewing showed no clear difference in alcohol abuse Self reported alcohol use compared with control (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Addiction Severity Index alcohol score · concurrent problem alcohol and illicit drug users
3 findings from 1 review
no estimate extracted
1 study · 163 participants
Low
no estimate extracted
1 study · 163 participants
Low
no estimate extracted
1 study · 163 participants
Low
Retention [ · concurrent problem alcohol and illicit drug users
Motivational interviewing intensive (MII) may leads to higher retention ‐ end of treatment compared with motivational interviewing (MI) to reduce alcohol consumption (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Lost to treatment · people with both severe mental illness and substance misuse
It is very uncertain whether motivational interviewing changes lost to treatment compared with standard care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Death · people with both severe mental illness and substance misuse
It is very uncertain whether motivational interviewing changes death compared with standard care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Alcohol use Not abstaining from alcohol · people with both severe mental illness and substance misuse
It is very uncertain whether motivational interviewing changes alcohol use Not abstaining from alcohol compared with standard care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Drug (non‐alcohol) use Polydrug consumption levels measured by Opiate Treatment Index (OT) · people with both severe mental illness and substance misuse
1 finding from 1 review
Mental state · people with both severe mental illness and substance misuse
1 finding from 1 review
Global Assessment of Functioning ‐ not measured · people with both severe mental illness and substance misuse
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of life/life satisfaction ‐ not measured · people with both severe mental illness and substance misuse
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) or Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) scores · concurrent problem alcohol and illicit drug users
1 finding from 1 review
Number of standard drinks consumed per day over the last 30 days · concurrent problem alcohol and illicit drug users
1 finding from 1 review