Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

252 questions · 271 findings · 20 reviews

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No studies found 39 · 14.4%GRADE not reported 31 · 11.4%Very low 53 · 19.6%Low 86 · 31.7%Moderate 45 · 16.6%High 17 · 6.3%

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs usual care or no treatment

Injuries · children aged 6 to 12 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 60 participants
Low

Dietary intervention (probiotics) vs placebo

Improvement in vertigo · adults with vestibular migraine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for prophylaxis of vestibular migraine 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Dietary intervention (probiotics) vs placebo

Change in vertigo (global score) · adults with vestibular migraine

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for prophylaxis of vestibular migraine 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 204 participants
Very low

Dietary intervention (probiotics) vs placebo

Change in vertigo frequency · adults with vestibular migraine

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for prophylaxis of vestibular migraine 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 204 participants
Very low

Dietary intervention (probiotics) vs placebo

Serious adverse events · adults with vestibular migraine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for prophylaxis of vestibular migraine 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

Plaque · Children aged 4 to 12 years attending primary school

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and… showed no clear difference in plaque indices (permanent and deciduous teeth) compared with no intervention or delayed intervention (non-intervention control;… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary school‐based behavioural interventions for preventing caries 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
3 to 15 months
SoF (Plaque indices, follow-up 3 to 15 months): 'All 3 RCTs showed a reduction in plaque in the intervention group compared to control group'; 827 participants (3 RCTs); GRADE low; comment 'Data not suitable for…
3 studies · 827 participants
Low

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

Caries increment on tooth surfaces (dmfs/DMFS) (prevented fraction) · Children aged 4 to 12 years attending primary school

1 finding from 1 review

Primary school‐based behavioural interventions for preventing caries 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
15 months
PF 0.65 [0.12, 1.18]
1 study · 60 participants
Low

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

Change in oral health knowledge and skills · Children aged 4 to 12 years attending primary school

1 finding from 1 review

Primary school‐based behavioural interventions for preventing caries 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
Worthington 2001 reported changes in oral health knowledge and skills: improvement was apparent in both intervention and control groups at the 4-month follow-up (phase one) but greater in the intervention group (34%…
1 study
GRADE not reported

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

Changes in dental attendance · Children aged 4 to 12 years attending primary school

1 finding from 1 review

Primary school‐based behavioural interventions for preventing caries 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
Worthington 2001 found no change in reported dental visits over the course of the programmes, with 97% of children at baseline reporting visiting the dentist every 2 years.
1 study
GRADE not reported

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

Behavioural outcomes (reported and/or other measures, e.g. data tracking toothbrushes and collecting food wrappers) · Children aged 4 to 12 years attending primary school

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Primary school‐based behavioural interventions for preventing caries 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
No other behavioural outcomes (e.g. objective toothbrush tracking or food-wrapper collection) were measured by the four included studies.
0 studies
No studies found

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

Adverse events · Children aged 4 to 12 years attending primary school

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Primary school‐based behavioural interventions for preventing caries 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
No study reported any adverse events.
0 studies
No studies found

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

Caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT · Children aged 4 to 12 years attending primary school

1 finding from 1 review

Primary school‐based behavioural interventions for preventing caries 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
2 years
PF 0.49
1 study
GRADE not reported

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

Frequency of cariogenic food and drink consumption · Children aged 4 to 12 years attending primary school

1 finding from 1 review

Primary school‐based behavioural interventions for preventing caries 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
Worthington 2001: few children had problems identifying foods containing sugar; only 15% of intervention and 19% of control participants reported routinely consuming sugary snacks on arriving home from school; snacking…
1 study
GRADE not reported

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

Frequency of toothbrushing · Children aged 4 to 12 years attending primary school

1 finding from 1 review

Primary school‐based behavioural interventions for preventing caries 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
Worthington 2001 reported children's brushing frequency: almost all children (99%) at baseline reported twice daily brushing, and this level was maintained across all groups throughout the intervention (in baseline…
1 study
GRADE not reported

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

BMI short‐term (12 weeks from baseline to < 9 months) · children aged 5 to 11 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years old 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
27 studies · 16066 participants
Low

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

Body‐mass index (BMI) · children aged 5 to 11 years

2 findings from 1 review

Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years old 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
21 studies · 17547 participants
Moderate
Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years old 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
16 studies · 22098 participants
Low

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

zBMI short term (12 weeks from baseline to < 9 months) · children aged 5 to 11 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years old 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
26 studies · 12784 participants
Low

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

zBMI medium term (9 months to < 15 months) · children aged 5 to 11 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years old 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
24 studies · 20998 participants
Moderate

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

zBMI long term (> 15 months) · children aged 5 to 11 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years old 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
22 studies · 23594 participants
Low

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

Serious adverse events · children aged 5 to 11 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years old 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
19 studies · 27882 participants
Low