Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

252 questions · 271 findings · 20 reviews

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No studies found 39 · 14.4%GRADE not reported 31 · 11.4%Very low 53 · 19.6%Low 86 · 31.7%Moderate 45 · 16.6%High 17 · 6.3%

Dietary interventions vs diet and physical activity interventions combined

Body‐mass index z score (zBMI) · children aged 6‐12 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 3971 participants
High

Dietary interventions vs physical activity interventions

Body‐mass index (BMI) · children aged 6‐12 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 4917 participants
High

Dietary interventions vs physical activity interventions

Body‐mass index z score (zBMI) · children aged 6‐12 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1205 participants
High

Dietary interventions vs placebo or other interventions

Infant sleep duration per 24 h at 7, 14 and 21 days from start of intervention · infants with colic defined by recognised criteria

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Dietary modifications for infantile colic 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Dietary interventions vs placebo or other interventions

Adverse effects to dietary modifications · infants with colic defined by recognised criteria

1 finding from 1 review

Dietary modifications for infantile colic 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Dietary interventions vs control

All‐cause mortality · people living beyond cancer

Dietary intervention showed no clear difference in mortality compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Dietary interventions for adult cancer survivors 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.98 [0.77, 1.23]
1 study · 3107 participants
Low

Dietary interventions vs control

Secondary cancers · people living beyond cancer

Dietary intervention showed no clear difference in secondary cancers compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Dietary interventions for adult cancer survivors 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.99 [0.84, 1.15]
1 study · 3107 participants
Low

Dietary interventions vs control

Children's fruit and vegetable intake (servings/d) Measured by food frequency questionnaire · people living beyond cancer

1 finding from 1 review

Dietary interventions for adult cancer survivors 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 834 participants
Moderate

Dietary interventions vs control

Fibre intake assessed as g · people living beyond cancer

1 finding from 1 review

Dietary interventions for adult cancer survivors 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 3127 participants
Very low

Dietary interventions vs control

Body‐mass index (BMI) · people living beyond cancer

1 finding from 1 review

Dietary interventions for adult cancer survivors 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 777 participants
Moderate

Dietary interventions vs control

Waist‐to‐hip circumference assessed as cm · people living beyond cancer

1 finding from 1 review

Dietary interventions for adult cancer survivors 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 106 participants
Low

Mediterranean dietary intervention vs another dietary intervention

CVD mortality · adults without cardiovascular disease

Mediterranean dietary intervention showed no clear difference in CVD mortality compared with another dietary intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.81 [0.5, 1.32]
1 study · 7447 participants
Low

Mediterranean dietary intervention vs another dietary intervention

Total mortality · adults without cardiovascular disease

Mediterranean dietary intervention showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with another dietary intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 1 [0.81, 1.24]
1 study · 7447 participants
Low

Mediterranean dietary intervention vs another dietary intervention

Myocardial infarction · adults without cardiovascular disease

Mediterranean dietary intervention showed no clear difference in myocardial infarction compared with another dietary intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.79 [0.57, 1.1]
1 study · 7447 participants
Low

Mediterranean dietary intervention vs another dietary intervention

Stroke · adults without cardiovascular disease

Mediterranean dietary intervention probably leads to lower stroke compared with another dietary intervention (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.6 [0.45, 0.8]
1 study · 7447 participants
Moderate

Mediterranean dietary intervention vs another dietary intervention

Peripheral artery disease · adults without cardiovascular disease

Mediterranean dietary intervention probably leads to lower peripheral arterial disease compared with another dietary intervention (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
HR 0.42 [0.28, 0.61]
1 study · 7447 participants
Moderate

Mediterranean dietary intervention vs another dietary intervention

Total cholesterol (mmol/L), change from baseline · adults without cardiovascular disease

1 finding from 1 review

Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 939 participants
Low

Mediterranean dietary intervention vs another dietary intervention

LDL cholesterol (mmol/L), change from baseline · adults without cardiovascular disease

1 finding from 1 review

Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 947 participants
Moderate

Mediterranean dietary intervention vs another dietary intervention

HDL cholesterol (mmol/L), change from baseline · adults without cardiovascular disease

1 finding from 1 review

Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 891 participants
Moderate

Mediterranean dietary intervention vs another dietary intervention

Triglycerides (mmol/L), change from baseline · adults without cardiovascular disease

1 finding from 1 review

Mediterranean‐style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 939 participants
Moderate