What do systematic reviews say?

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs usual care or no treatment

• Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 225 participants
  Low

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs usual care or no treatment

• Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 285 participants
  High

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs usual care or no treatment

• Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 1128 participants
  High

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs usual care or no treatment

• Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 60 participants
  Low

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs usual care or no treatment

• Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 4603 participants
  Moderate

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs usual care or no treatment

• Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 60 participants
  Low

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and… showed no clear difference in plaque indices (permanent and deciduous teeth) compared with no intervention or delayed intervention (non-intervention control;… (low certainty).

• Primary school‐based behavioural interventions for preventing caries 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes

  3 to 15 months
  SoF (Plaque indices, follow-up 3 to 15 months): 'All 3 RCTs showed a reduction in plaque in the intervention group compared to control group'; 827 participants (3 RCTs); GRADE low; comment 'Data not suitable for…
  3 studies · 827 participants
  Low

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

• Primary school‐based behavioural interventions for preventing caries 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes

  15 months
  PF 0.65 [0.12, 1.18]
  1 study · 60 participants
  Low

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

• Primary school‐based behavioural interventions for preventing caries 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Worthington 2001 reported changes in oral health knowledge and skills: improvement was apparent in both intervention and control groups at the 4-month follow-up (phase one) but greater in the intervention group (34%…
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

• Primary school‐based behavioural interventions for preventing caries 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Worthington 2001 found no change in reported dental visits over the course of the programmes, with 97% of children at baseline reporting visiting the dentist every 2 years.
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Primary school‐based behavioural interventions for preventing caries 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
  No other behavioural outcomes (e.g. objective toothbrush tracking or food-wrapper collection) were measured by the four included studies.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Primary school‐based behavioural interventions for preventing caries 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
  No study reported any adverse events.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

• Primary school‐based behavioural interventions for preventing caries 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes

  2 years
  PF 0.49
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

• Primary school‐based behavioural interventions for preventing caries 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Worthington 2001: few children had problems identifying foods containing sugar; only 15% of intervention and 19% of control participants reported routinely consuming sugary snacks on arriving home from school; snacking…
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

• Primary school‐based behavioural interventions for preventing caries 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Worthington 2001 reported children's brushing frequency: almost all children (99%) at baseline reported twice daily brushing, and this level was maintained across all groups throughout the intervention (in baseline…
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

All diet and/or exercise interventions vs (Optimised) usual care

All diet and/or exercise interventions leads to lower excessive weight gain compared with standard/other care (high certainty).

• Diet or exercise, or both, for preventing excessive weight gain in pregnancy 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.8 [0.73, 0.87]
  24 studies · 7096 participants
  High

All diet and/or exercise interventions vs (Optimised) usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Diet or exercise, or both, for preventing excessive weight gain in pregnancy 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

All diet and/or exercise interventions vs (Optimised) usual care

All diet and/or exercise interventions probably leads to higher low weight gain compared with standard/other care (moderate certainty).

• Diet or exercise, or both, for preventing excessive weight gain in pregnancy 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.14 [1.02, 1.27]
  11 studies · 4422 participants
  Moderate

All diet and/or exercise interventions vs (Optimised) usual care

All diet and/or exercise interventions showed no clear difference in preterm birth compared with standard/other care (moderate certainty).

• Diet or exercise, or both, for preventing excessive weight gain in pregnancy 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.91 [0.68, 1.22]
  16 studies · 5923 participants
  Moderate

All diet and/or exercise interventions vs (Optimised) usual care

All diet and/or exercise interventions showed no clear difference in pre‐eclampsia compared with standard/other care (high certainty).

• Diet or exercise, or both, for preventing excessive weight gain in pregnancy 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.95 [0.77, 1.16]
  15 studies · 5330 participants
  High