Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

2 questions · 4 findings · 2 reviews

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 4 · 100%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Higher parental education (tertiary) vs Lower parental education (reference)

Early childhood caries (ECC) · Children aged 0-5 years in North Africa

Paternal tertiary education was associated with lower odds of ECC (OR 0.381).

3 findings from 1 review

Prevalence and risk factors for early childhood caries in North Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2025 All outcomes
Egypt (Kabil 2017) · Paternal tertiary education [Kabil]
OR 0.381 [0.16, 0.91]
1 study
GRADE not reported
Prevalence and risk factors for early childhood caries in North Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2025 All outcomes
Egypt (Kabil 2017) · Maternal tertiary education [Kabil]
OR 0.083 [0.03, 0.21]
1 study
GRADE not reported
Prevalence and risk factors for early childhood caries in North Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2025 All outcomes
Tunisia (Chouchene 2022) · Parents' education level [Chouchene]
OR 0.797 [0.171, 0.650]
1 study
GRADE not reported

Sugar consumption (higher sugar intake) vs No sugar consumption (lower/no intake)

Early childhood caries (ECC) · Preschool children (<6 years)

Higher sugar consumption is associated with early childhood caries in children under 6 years: pooled OR 1.59 (95% CI 1.50 to 1.68) from 9 cohort studies with no heterogeneity (I2=0%); the body of evidence was not GRADE-rated (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Sugar consumption and early childhood caries: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. 2025 All outcomes
Outcome (ECC) assessed from 9 months to 5 years of age · Population-based birth and childhood cohort studies; multiple countries (Europe, Brazil, Asia, Australia, USA); mostly high-income, six in developing countries (Brazil, Thailand), none in low-income countries · Overall (all 9 meta-analyzed studies pooled)
OR 1.59 [1.50, 1.68]
9 studies
GRADE not reported