What do systematic reviews say?

Exercise vs control group

• Exercise training undertaken by people within 12 months of lung resection for non‐small cell lung cancer 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 202 participants
  Moderate

Therapeutic swallowing exercises vs treatment

It is very uncertain whether therapeutic swallowing exercises changes swallowing function/efficiency Measured using a rating of… compared with treatment (very low certainty).

• Therapeutic exercises for affecting post‐treatment swallowing in people treated for advanced‐stage head and neck cancers 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 16 participants
  Very low

Exercise vs usual care

• Exercise interventions for people undergoing multimodal cancer treatment that includes surgery 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  8 studies · 507 participants
  Low

Cardiorespiratory exercise programmes prescribed alone vs a non‐exercise intervention or no intervention

• Fitness training for cardiorespiratory conditioning after traumatic brain injury 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 183 participants
  GRADE not reported

Summary of findings table ‐ Preoperative exercise training vs no exercise

• Preoperative exercise training for people with non‐small cell lung cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 188 participants
  Moderate

Exercise vs control

Exercise showed no clear difference in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (pre‐eclampsia) compared with control (low certainty).

• Exercise for pregnant women with gestational diabetes for improving maternal and fetal outcomes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.31 [0.01, 7.09]
  2 studies · 48 participants
  Low

Exercise vs control

Exercise showed no clear difference in mortality and morbidity composite (variously defined by trials, e.g.… compared with control (moderate certainty).

• Exercise for pregnant women with gestational diabetes for improving maternal and fetal outcomes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.56 [0.12, 2.61]
  2 studies · 169 participants
  Moderate

Exercise vs control

Exercise showed no clear difference in neonatal hypoglycaemia compared with control (low certainty).

• Exercise for pregnant women with gestational diabetes for improving maternal and fetal outcomes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2 [0.2, 20.04]
  1 study · 34 participants
  Low

Exercise vs control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Exercise for pregnant women with gestational diabetes for improving maternal and fetal outcomes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Exercise vs control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Exercise for pregnant women with gestational diabetes for improving maternal and fetal outcomes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Exercise vs control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Exercise for pregnant women with gestational diabetes for improving maternal and fetal outcomes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Exercise vs control

Exercise showed no clear difference in caesarean section compared with control (moderate certainty).

• Exercise for pregnant women with gestational diabetes for improving maternal and fetal outcomes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.86 [0.63, 1.16]
  5 studies · 316 participants
  Moderate

Exercise vs control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Exercise for pregnant women with gestational diabetes for improving maternal and fetal outcomes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Exercise vs control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Exercise for pregnant women with gestational diabetes for improving maternal and fetal outcomes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Exercise vs control

• Exercise for pregnant women with gestational diabetes for improving maternal and fetal outcomes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 254 participants
  High

Exercise vs control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Exercise for pregnant women with gestational diabetes for improving maternal and fetal outcomes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Exercise vs control

Exercise showed no clear difference in induction of labour compared with control (low certainty).

• Exercise for pregnant women with gestational diabetes for improving maternal and fetal outcomes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.38 [0.71, 2.68]
  1 study · 40 participants
  Low

Exercise vs control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Exercise for pregnant women with gestational diabetes for improving maternal and fetal outcomes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Exercise vs control

• Exercise for pregnant women with gestational diabetes for improving maternal and fetal outcomes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 19 participants
  Low