Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

300 questions · 315 findings · 55 reviews

No studies found 43 · 13.7%GRADE not reported 17 · 5.4%Very low 104 · 33%Low 91 · 28.9%Moderate 56 · 17.8%High 4 · 1.3%

Exercise vs usual care with or without sham interventions

Medical deterioration during hospitalisation · acutely hospitalised medical patients

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Exercise interventions changes medical deterioration during hospitalisation compared with usual care with or without sham interventions (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs standard‐of‐care therapy

GDM · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus

Combined diet and exercise interventions showed no clear difference in GDM compared with standard care (mother) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs standard‐of‐care therapy

Large‐for‐gestational age · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus

Combined diet and exercise interventions showed no clear difference in large‐for‐gestational age compared with standard care (child) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs standard‐of‐care therapy

Neonatal hypoglycaemia · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus

Combined diet and exercise interventions showed no clear difference in neonatal hypoglycaemia compared with standard care (child) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs standard‐of‐care therapy

Z score BMI · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus

Combined diet and exercise interventions showed no clear difference in childhood adiposity (latest time reported) (BMI z score) compared with standard care (child) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs standard‐of‐care therapy

Type 2 diabetes mellitus · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus
2 findings from 1 review

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs standard‐of‐care therapy

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: pre‐eclampsia · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus

Combined diet and exercise interventions showed no clear difference in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (pre‐eclampsia) compared with standard care (mother) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs standard‐of‐care therapy

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (pregnancy‐induced hypertension) · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus

It is very uncertain whether combined diet and exercise interventions changes hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (pregnancy‐induced… compared with standard care (mother) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs standard‐of‐care therapy

Caesarean section · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus

Combined diet and exercise interventions showed no clear difference in caesarean section compared with standard care (mother) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs standard‐of‐care therapy

Perineal trauma · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus

Combined diet and exercise interventions showed no clear difference in perineal trauma compared with standard care (mother) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs standard‐of‐care therapy

Gestational weight gain · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus

Combined diet and exercise interventions showed no clear difference in gestational weight gain (kg) compared with standard care (mother) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review