Macrosomia Infant birthweight > 4000 g · pregnant women
All diet and/or exercise interventions showed no clear difference in macrosomia Infant birthweight > 4000 g compared with standard/other care (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
GDM · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus
Combined diet and exercise interventions showed no clear difference in GDM compared with standard care (mother) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Large‐for‐gestational age · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus
Combined diet and exercise interventions showed no clear difference in large‐for‐gestational age compared with standard care (child) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality or morbidity composite · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus
1 finding from 1 review
Neonatal hypoglycaemia · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus
Combined diet and exercise interventions showed no clear difference in neonatal hypoglycaemia compared with standard care (child) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Z score BMI · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus
Combined diet and exercise interventions showed no clear difference in childhood adiposity (latest time reported) (BMI z score) compared with standard care (child) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Type 2 diabetes mellitus · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus
2 findings from 1 review
Neurosensory disability · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus
1 finding from 1 review
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: pre‐eclampsia · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus
Combined diet and exercise interventions showed no clear difference in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (pre‐eclampsia) compared with standard care (mother) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (pregnancy‐induced hypertension) · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus
It is very uncertain whether combined diet and exercise interventions changes hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (pregnancy‐induced… compared with standard care (mother) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Caesarean section · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus
Combined diet and exercise interventions showed no clear difference in caesarean section compared with standard care (mother) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Perineal trauma · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus
Combined diet and exercise interventions showed no clear difference in perineal trauma compared with standard care (mother) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Gestational weight gain · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus
Combined diet and exercise interventions showed no clear difference in gestational weight gain (kg) compared with standard care (mother) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Postnatal depression · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus
1 finding from 1 review
Perinatal mortality · pregnant women, excluding women already diagnosed with GDM in this pregnancy and those with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus
Combined diet and exercise interventions showed no clear difference in perinatal mortality compared with standard care (child) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pain intensity measured by a number of different measurements; lower score = better. · pregnant women with back pain
Low‐back pain: any exercises + usual prenatal care showed no clear difference in pain intensity measured by a number of different measurements; lower… compared with usual prenatal care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Disability (Roland‐Morris Disability Questionnaire) Scale from: 0 to 23; 0 is no disability. · pregnant women with back pain
Low‐back pain: any exercises + usual prenatal care showed no clear difference in disability measured by Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire and… compared with usual prenatal care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of women who reported pain on Visual Analogue Scale · pregnant women with, or at risk of developing, pelvic and back pain
Pelvic + low‐back pain: any exercises + usual prenatal care probably leads to lower number of women who reported pain on Visual Analogue Scale. compared with usual prenatal care (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of women who reported LBPP‐related sick leave. · pregnant women with, or at risk of developing, pelvic and back pain
Pelvic + low‐back pain: any exercises + usual prenatal care probably leads to lower number of women who reported LBPP‐related sick leave. compared with usual prenatal care (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review