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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,063 questions · 1,111 findings · 111 reviews

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No studies found 235 · 21.2%GRADE not reported 32 · 2.9%Very low 394 · 35.5%Low 261 · 23.5%Moderate 154 · 13.9%High 35 · 3.2%

Closed kinetic chain exercises vs open kinetic chain exercises

Pain during activity (short‐term) · patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (symptoms > 4 weeks (1 study); symptoms > 6 weeks (1 study); symptoms > 8 weeks (1 study); not…

It is very uncertain whether closed kinetic chain exercises changes pain during activity (short‐term) VAS (0 to 10; higher scores mean… compared with open kinetic chain exercises (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Closed kinetic chain exercises vs open kinetic chain exercises

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (symptoms > 4 weeks (1 study); symptoms > 6 weeks (1 study); symptoms > 8 weeks (1 study); not…

It is very uncertain whether closed kinetic chain exercises changes usual pain (short‐term) VAS (0 to 10; higher scores mean worse pain) compared with open kinetic chain exercises (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Closed kinetic chain exercises vs open kinetic chain exercises

Pain during activity (long‐term) VAS (0 to 10; higher scores mean worse pain) · patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (symptoms > 4 weeks (1 study); symptoms > 6 weeks (1 study); symptoms > 8 weeks (1 study); not…

It is very uncertain whether closed kinetic chain exercises changes pain during activity (long‐term) VAS (0 to 10; higher scores mean… compared with open kinetic chain exercises (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Closed kinetic chain exercises vs open kinetic chain exercises

Functional ability · patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (symptoms > 4 weeks (1 study); symptoms > 6 weeks (1 study); symptoms > 8 weeks (1 study); not…

It is very uncertain whether closed kinetic chain exercises changes functional ability (short‐term) AKPS (0 to 100; higher scores mean… compared with open kinetic chain exercises (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Target of exercise: hip + knee vs knee exercises

Pain during activity (short‐term) · patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (symptoms > 1 month (3 studies); symptoms > 2 months (1 study); symptoms > 3 months (2…

It is very uncertain whether target of exercise: hip + knee changes pain during activity (short‐term) Scale (0 to 10; higher scores mean… compared with knee exercises (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Target of exercise: hip + knee vs knee exercises

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (symptoms > 1 month (3 studies); symptoms > 2 months (1 study); symptoms > 3 months (2…

It is very uncertain whether target of exercise: hip + knee changes usual pain (short‐term) VAS (0 to 10; higher scores mean worse pain) compared with knee exercises (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Target of exercise: hip + knee vs knee exercises

Pain during activity (long‐term) VAS (0 to 10; higher scores mean worse pain) · patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (symptoms > 1 month (3 studies); symptoms > 2 months (1 study); symptoms > 3 months (2…

It is very uncertain whether target of exercise: hip + knee changes pain during activity (long‐term) NPRS (0 to 10; higher scores mean… compared with knee exercises (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review