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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

173 questions · 174 findings · 18 reviews

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No studies found 25 · 14.4%GRADE not reported 5 · 2.9%Very low 72 · 41.4%Low 50 · 28.7%Moderate 18 · 10.3%High 4 · 2.3%

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery vs later commencement

Intraabdominal abscess · lower gastrointestinal surgery

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal… showed no clear difference in intraabdominal abscess compared with later commencement (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery vs later commencement

Anastomotic leakage/dehiscence · lower gastrointestinal surgery

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal… showed no clear difference in anastomotic leakage/dehiscence compared with later commencement (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery vs later commencement

Pneumonia · lower gastrointestinal surgery

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal… showed no clear difference in pneumonia (within hospital stay) compared with later commencement (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery vs later commencement

All‐cause mortality · lower gastrointestinal surgery

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal… showed no clear difference in mortality compared with later commencement (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery vs later commencement

Vomiting · lower gastrointestinal surgery

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal… showed no clear difference in vomiting compared with later commencement (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery vs later commencement

Nausea · lower gastrointestinal surgery

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal… showed no clear difference in nausea compared with later commencement (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery vs later commencement

Nausea and vomiting · lower gastrointestinal surgery

It is very uncertain whether early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal… changes nausea and vomiting compared with later commencement (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lactoferrin supplementation with enteral feeds in combination with probiotics vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · prevention of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants

It is very uncertain whether lactoferrin supplementation with enteral feeds in combination with… changes all‐cause mortality compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lactoferrin supplementation with enteral feeds in combination with probiotics vs placebo

Bacterial sepsis · prevention of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants

Lactoferrin supplementation with enteral feeds in combination with… may leads to lower bacterial sepsis compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lactoferrin supplementation with enteral feeds in combination with probiotics vs placebo

Fungal Infection · prevention of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants

Lactoferrin supplementation with enteral feeds in combination with… may leads to lower fungal Infection compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lactoferrin supplementation with enteral feeds in combination with probiotics vs placebo

Chronic lung disease · prevention of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants

It is very uncertain whether lactoferrin supplementation with enteral feeds in combination with… changes chronic lung disease compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lactoferrin supplementation with enteral feeds in combination with probiotics vs placebo

Any late‐onset sepsis ‐ All infants [Data on only confirmed sepsis available] · prevention of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants

Lactoferrin supplementation with enteral feeds in combination with… may leads to lower any late‐onset sepsis ‐ All infants [Data on only confirmed sepsis… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lactoferrin supplementation with enteral feeds in combination with probiotics vs placebo

NEC ≥ stage II · prevention of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants

It is very uncertain whether lactoferrin supplementation with enteral feeds in combination with… changes NEC ≥ stage II compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Standard parenteral nutrition vs standard isotonic intravenous glucose solution

Length of hospital stay after liver transplantation [days] · adult patients after liver transplantation.
2 findings from 1 review

Standard parenteral nutrition vs standard isotonic intravenous glucose solution

Mortality [within first 10 weeks after liver transplantation] · adult patients after liver transplantation.

Standard parenteral nutrition may leads to lower mortality [within first 10 weeks after liver transplantation] compared with standard isotonic intravenous glucose solution (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review