What do systematic reviews say?

Combined inhalers vs placebo (outcomes

Combined inhalers probably leads to higher pneumonia Duration of 18 months3 compared with placebo (primary outcomes) (moderate certainty).

• Combined corticosteroid and long‐acting beta₂‐agonist in one inhaler versus placebo for chronic obstructive pulmonary… 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.62 [1.36, 1.94]
  14 studies · 9620 participants
  Moderate