Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

18 questions · 18 findings · 2 reviews

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No studies found 4 · 22.2%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 9 · 50%Low 4 · 22.2%Moderate 1 · 5.6%High 0 · 0%

Any prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis

Any adverse visual outcome · newborn children

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing ophthalmia neonatorum 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Any prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis

Any conjunctivitis of any aetiology · newborn children

Any prophylaxis probably leads to lower any conjunctivitis of any aetiology compared with no prophylaxis (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing ophthalmia neonatorum 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.65 [0.54, 0.78]
8 studies · 9666 participants
Moderate

Any prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis

Blindness · newborn children

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing ophthalmia neonatorum 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Any prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis

Gonococcal conjunctivitis · newborn children

It is very uncertain whether any prophylaxis changes gonococcal conjunctivitis compared with no prophylaxis (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing ophthalmia neonatorum 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.79 [0.24, 2.65]
3 studies · 8229 participants
Very low

Any prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis

Chlamydial conjunctivitis · newborn children

Any prophylaxis showed no clear difference in chlamydial conjunctivitis compared with no prophylaxis (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing ophthalmia neonatorum 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.96 [0.57, 1.61]
2 studies · 4874 participants
Low

Any prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis

Bacterial conjunctivitis · newborn children

Any prophylaxis showed no clear difference in bacterial conjunctivitis compared with no prophylaxis (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing ophthalmia neonatorum 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.84 [0.37, 1.93]
2 studies · 3685 participants
Low

Any prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis

Conjunctivitis of unknown aetiology · newborn children

It is very uncertain whether any prophylaxis changes conjunctivitis of unknown aetiology compared with no prophylaxis (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing ophthalmia neonatorum 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.75 [0.37, 8.28]
1 study · 330 participants
Very low

Any prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis

Adverse effects · newborn children

It is very uncertain whether any prophylaxis changes adverse effects compared with no prophylaxis (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing ophthalmia neonatorum 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.93
1993 participants
Very low

Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy excluded) administered before and/or after tooth extraction vs placebo

Presence of dry socket · People undergoing tooth extraction (21 of 23 trials: healthy patients undergoing impacted third molar extraction; 1 routine intra-alveolar…

Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy… may leads to lower dry socket compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics to prevent complications following tooth extractions 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes
1st to 7th day
RR 0.66 [0.45, 0.97]
13 studies · 1882 participants
Low

Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy excluded) administered before and/or after tooth extraction vs placebo

Infectious complications · People undergoing tooth extraction (21 of 23 trials: healthy patients undergoing impacted third molar extraction; 1 routine intra-alveolar…

Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy… may leads to lower postsurgical infectious complications compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics to prevent complications following tooth extractions 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes
1st to 14th day
RR 0.34 [0.19, 0.64]
12 studies · 1728 participants
Low

Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy excluded) administered before and/or after tooth extraction vs placebo

Swelling (7th day) · People undergoing tooth extraction (21 of 23 trials: healthy patients undergoing impacted third molar extraction; 1 routine intra-alveolar…

It is very uncertain whether systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy… changes swelling (7th day) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics to prevent complications following tooth extractions 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes
7th day
RR 0.80 [0.50, 1.27]
4 studies · 452 participants
Very low

Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy excluded) administered before and/or after tooth extraction vs placebo

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People undergoing tooth extraction (21 of 23 trials: healthy patients undergoing impacted third molar extraction; 1 routine intra-alveolar…

It is very uncertain whether systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy… changes pain (continuous, VAS 0-10 cm, 7th day) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics to prevent complications following tooth extractions 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes
6th to 7th day
MD -0.26 [-0.59, 0.07]
4 studies · 422 participants
Very low

Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy excluded) administered before and/or after tooth extraction vs placebo

Pain (dichotomous, present/absent on 6th-7th day) · People undergoing tooth extraction (21 of 23 trials: healthy patients undergoing impacted third molar extraction; 1 routine intra-alveolar…

It is very uncertain whether systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy… changes presence of pain (dichotomous, yes/no on 6th-7th day) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics to prevent complications following tooth extractions 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes
6th to 7th day
RR 0.59 [0.31, 1.12]
3 studies · 675 participants
Very low

Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy excluded) administered before and/or after tooth extraction vs placebo

Adverse effects · People undergoing tooth extraction (21 of 23 trials: healthy patients undergoing impacted third molar extraction; 1 routine intra-alveolar…

It is very uncertain whether systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy… changes adverse effects compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics to prevent complications following tooth extractions 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes
1st to 7th day
RR 1.46 [0.81, 2.64]
8 studies · 1277 participants
Very low

Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy excluded) administered before and/or after tooth extraction vs placebo

Trismus (dichotomous, 7th day) · People undergoing tooth extraction (21 of 23 trials: healthy patients undergoing impacted third molar extraction; 1 routine intra-alveolar…

It is very uncertain whether systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy… changes trismus (dichotomous, 7th day) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics to prevent complications following tooth extractions 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes
7th day
RR 0.77 [0.42, 1.41]
3 studies · 199 participants
Very low

Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy excluded) administered before and/or after tooth extraction vs Placebo

Outcome not reported · Immunosuppressed / immunocompromised patients (e.g. HIV infection, AIDS, diabetes, transplants) undergoing tooth extraction

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics to prevent complications following tooth extractions 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes
No studies: none of the 23 included trials evaluated tooth extraction in immunocompromised patients; subgroup analysis based on immune status was not possible as no such studies were identified.
0 studies
No studies found

Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy excluded) administered before and/or after tooth extraction vs placebo

Fever · People undergoing tooth extraction (21 of 23 trials: healthy patients undergoing impacted third molar extraction; 1 routine intra-alveolar…

It is very uncertain whether systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy… changes fever (6th-7th day) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics to prevent complications following tooth extractions 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes
6th to 7th day
RR 0.66 [0.24, 1.79]
4 studies · 475 participants
Very low

Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy excluded) administered before and/or after tooth extraction vs Placebo

Outcome not reported · Patients undergoing tooth extraction for severe dental caries or periodontal disease in general dental practice (non-third-molar / decayed…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics to prevent complications following tooth extractions 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes
No studies in general dental practice for removal of decayed teeth. PUB3 added one routine intra-alveolar extraction trial and one complex oral surgery trial (2 of 23 non-third-molar), but the single intra-alveolar…
0 studies
No studies found