Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

102 questions · 109 findings · 9 reviews

No studies found 57 · 52.3%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 38 · 34.9%Low 11 · 10.1%Moderate 3 · 2.8%High 0 · 0%

Antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics

Ear pain (otalgia) or discomfort or local irritation · people (of any age) with CSOM

It is very uncertain whether systemic antibiotics changes ear pain (otalgia) or discomfort or local irritation ‐ measured at 1… compared with no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics

Suspected ototoxicity · people (of any age) with CSOM

It is very uncertain whether systemic antibiotics changes suspected ototoxicity ‐ measured at 10 days to 3 weeks compared with no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics

Serious complications ‐ mastoid abscess measured at 12 weeks · people with CSOM; one study included patients of unknown age; one study included children with CSOM who had not responded to initial…

It is very uncertain whether systemic antibiotics changes serious complications ‐ mastoid abscess measured at 12 weeks compared with no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics

Resolution of ear discharge ‐ measured at 1 to 2 weeks · people (of any age) with CSOM

Systemic antibiotics showed no clear difference in resolution of ear discharge ‐ measured at 1 to 2 weeks compared with no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antiseptics

Resolution of ear discharge ‐ measured after 4 weeks · schoolchildren with CSOM

It is very uncertain whether systemic antibiotics changes resolution of ear discharge (4 weeks or more) ‐ measured at 3 to 4… compared with no treatment or placebo on top of topical antiseptics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral or topical or intraperitoneal antibiotics vs placebo/no treatment

Peritonitis · chronic peritoneal dialysis patients

Oral or topical or intraperitoneal antibiotics showed no clear difference in peritonitis (number of patients with one or more episodes) compared with placebo/no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review