Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

294 questions · 308 findings · 41 reviews

No studies found 65 · 21.1%GRADE not reported 21 · 6.8%Very low 83 · 26.9%Low 66 · 21.4%Moderate 47 · 15.3%High 26 · 8.4%

Antibiotics vs placebo or usual care

Serious adverse events Duration 3 days to 3 weeks · acute asthma exacerbation

Antibiotics showed no clear difference in serious adverse events Duration 3 days to 3 weeks compared with placebo or usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo

Children not cured or substantially improved at · prolonged wet cough in children

Antibiotics probably leads to lower children not cured or substantially improved at compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo

Children with progression of the disease resulting in additional medical therapy (complications) (measured as proportion of participants) · prolonged wet cough in children

Antibiotics probably leads to lower children with progression of the disease resulting in additional… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo

Adverse effects of antibiotics · prolonged wet cough in children

Antibiotics showed no clear difference in children experiencing adverse effects of antibiotics (e.g.… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo

Cure in adults with clinically diagnosed acute rhinosinusitis · acute rhinosinusitis in adults, whether clinically diagnosed or confirmed by imaging

Antibiotics leads to higher cure in adults with clinically diagnosed acute rhinosinusitis compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo

Cure in adults with acute rhinosinusitis confirmed by radiography1 · acute rhinosinusitis in adults, whether clinically diagnosed or confirmed by imaging

Antibiotics probably leads to higher cure in adults with acute rhinosinusitis confirmed by radiography1 compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo

Cure in adults with acute rhinosinusitis confirmed by computed tomography1,4 · acute rhinosinusitis in adults, whether clinically diagnosed or confirmed by imaging

Antibiotics probably leads to higher cure in adults with acute rhinosinusitis confirmed by computed… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review