What do systematic reviews say?

Topical antibiotics with steroids vs placebo/no treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Topical antibiotics with steroids for chronic suppurative otitis media 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Topical antibiotics with steroids vs placebo/no treatment

• Topical antibiotics with steroids for chronic suppurative otitis media 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 123 participants
  Very low

Topical antibiotics with steroids vs placebo/no treatment

• Topical antibiotics with steroids for chronic suppurative otitis media 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 123 participants
  Very low

Topical antibiotics with steroids vs placebo/no treatment

• Topical antibiotics with steroids for chronic suppurative otitis media 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 173 participants
  Very low

Topical antibiotics with steroids vs placebo/no treatment

• Topical antibiotics with steroids for chronic suppurative otitis media 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 123 participants
  Very low

Surgical reimplantation of ureters plus antibiotics vs antibiotics alone

It is very uncertain whether surgical reimplantation of ureters plus antibiotics changes ESKD compared with antibiotics alone (very low certainty).

• Interventions for primary vesicoureteric reflux 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.07 [0.23, 5.04]
  2 studies · 154 participants
  Very low

Surgical reimplantation of ureters plus antibiotics vs antibiotics alone

It is very uncertain whether surgical reimplantation of ureters plus antibiotics changes hypertension compared with antibiotics alone (very low certainty).

• Interventions for primary vesicoureteric reflux 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.93 [0.25, 3.42]
  2 studies · 154 participants
  Very low

Surgical reimplantation of ureters plus antibiotics vs antibiotics alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for primary vesicoureteric reflux 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Prophylactic antibiotics vs placebo

Prophylactic antibiotics showed no clear difference in preterm prelabour rupture of membranes compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Antibiotic prophylaxis during the second and third trimester to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes and morbidity 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.31 [0.06, 1.49]
  1 study · 229 participants
  Low

Prophylactic antibiotics vs placebo

Prophylactic antibiotics may leads to lower prelabour rupture of membranes compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Antibiotic prophylaxis during the second and third trimester to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes and morbidity 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.34 [0.15, 0.78]
  1 study · 229 participants
  Low

Prophylactic antibiotics vs placebo

Prophylactic antibiotics showed no clear difference in preterm delivery compared with placebo (high certainty).

• Antibiotic prophylaxis during the second and third trimester to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes and morbidity 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.88 [0.72, 1.09]
  6 studies · 3663 participants
  High

Prophylactic antibiotics vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether prophylactic antibiotics changes chorioamnionitis compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Antibiotic prophylaxis during the second and third trimester to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes and morbidity 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.62 [0.1, 3.62]
  1 study · 229 participants
  Very low

Prophylactic antibiotics vs placebo

Prophylactic antibiotics probably leads to lower puerperal sepsis/postpartum endometritis compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Antibiotic prophylaxis during the second and third trimester to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes and morbidity 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.53 [0.35, 0.82]
  3 studies · 627 participants
  Moderate

Pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) vs pentoxifylline with antibiotics and immunoglobulin M‐enriched intravenous immunoglobulin

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pentoxifylline for treatment of sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) vs pentoxifylline with antibiotics and immunoglobulin M‐enriched intravenous immunoglobulin

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pentoxifylline for treatment of sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) vs pentoxifylline with antibiotics and immunoglobulin M‐enriched intravenous immunoglobulin

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pentoxifylline for treatment of sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) vs pentoxifylline with antibiotics and immunoglobulin M‐enriched intravenous immunoglobulin

It is very uncertain whether pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) changes necrotising enterocolitis, any Bell stage compared with pentoxifylline with antibiotics and immunoglobulin M‐enriched… (very low certainty).

• Pentoxifylline for treatment of sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.33 [0.31, 5.66]
  1 study · 102 participants
  Very low

Pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) vs pentoxifylline with antibiotics and immunoglobulin M‐enriched intravenous immunoglobulin

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pentoxifylline for treatment of sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) vs immunoglobulin M‐enriched intravenous immunoglobulin with antibiotics

It is very uncertain whether pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) changes all‐cause mortality during hospital stay compared with immunoglobulin M‐enriched intravenous immunoglobulin with antibiotics (very low certainty).

• Pentoxifylline for treatment of sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.25 [0.36, 4.39]
  1 study · 102 participants
  Very low

Pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) vs immunoglobulin M‐enriched intravenous immunoglobulin with antibiotics

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pentoxifylline for treatment of sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found