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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

7 questions · 7 findings · 1 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 1 · 14.3%Low 4 · 57.1%Moderate 2 · 28.6%High 0 · 0%

Antibiotics vs placebo or no treatment

Recurrence of symptomatic UTI in children · children with previous UTI and most do not have a renal tract abnormality such as VUR

Antibiotic treatment showed no clear difference in recurrence of symptomatic UTI in children compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo or no treatment

Recurrence of symptomatic UTI in children without VUR · children with previous UTI and most do not have a renal tract abnormality such as VUR

Antibiotic treatment showed no clear difference in recurrence of symptomatic UTI in children without VUR compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo or no treatment

Recurrence of symptomatic UTI in children with VUR · children with previous UTI and most do not have a renal tract abnormality such as VUR

Antibiotic treatment showed no clear difference in recurrence of symptomatic UTI in children with VUR compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo or no treatment

Recurrence of symptomatic UTI in children, in studies with adequate allocation concealment · children with previous UTI and most do not have a renal tract abnormality such as VUR

Antibiotic treatment probably leads to lower recurrence of symptomatic UTI in children, in studies with adequate… compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo or no treatment

Repeat positive urine culture · children with previous UTI and most do not have a renal tract abnormality such as VUR

It is very uncertain whether antibiotic treatment changes repeat positive urine culture compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo or no treatment

Microbial resistance to prophylactic drug · children with previous UTI and most do not have a renal tract abnormality such as VUR

Antibiotic treatment showed no clear difference in microbial resistance to prophylactic drug compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review