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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
557 questions in 64 reviews · Effective Practice and Organisation of Care
current versionsNo studies 557 · 100%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Non‐payment for Hospital‐Acquired Conditions Program vs capitation without P4P Equity · Hospitals Pay for performance for hospitals (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Non‐payment for Hospital‐Acquired Conditions Program vs capitation without P4P Resource use · Hospitals Pay for performance for hospitals (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program vs capitation without P4P Mortality · Hospitals Pay for performance for hospitals (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program vs capitation without P4P Adverse clinical events · Hospitals Pay for performance for hospitals (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program vs capitation without P4P Qualityof care · Hospitals Pay for performance for hospitals (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program vs capitation without P4P Equity · Hospitals Pay for performance for hospitals (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program vs capitation without P4P Resource use · Hospitals Pay for performance for hospitals (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Advancing Quality Program vs capitation without P4P Adverse clinical events · Hospitals Pay for performance for hospitals (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Advancing Quality Program vs capitation without P4P Quality of care · Hospitals Pay for performance for hospitals (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Advancing Quality Program vs capitation without P4P Equity · Hospitals Pay for performance for hospitals (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Advancing Quality Program vs capitation without P4P Resource use · Hospitals Pay for performance for hospitals (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Financial Incentive to Quality Improvement vs capitation without P4P Mortality · Hospitals Pay for performance for hospitals (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Financial Incentive to Quality Improvement vs capitation without P4P Adverse clinical events · Hospitals Pay for performance for hospitals (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Financial Incentive to Quality Improvement vs capitation without P4P Equity · Hospitals Pay for performance for hospitals (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Financial Incentive to Quality Improvement vs capitation without P4P Resource use · Hospitals Pay for performance for hospitals (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Value‐Based Purchasing vs capitation without P4P Adverse clinical events · Hospitals Pay for performance for hospitals (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Value‐Based Purchasing vs capitation without P4P Equity · Hospitals Pay for performance for hospitals (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Less intensive vs more intensive follow‐up after primary cancer treatment Depression · adult cancer survivors from the following cancer sites: breast, colorectal, head‐and‐neck, Hodgkin lymphoma, melanoma,… Follow‐up strategies following completion of primary cancer treatment in adult cancer survivors (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Follow‐up integrating additional patient symptom education or monitoring, or survivorship care plans vs usual care Overall survival · adult cancer survivors from the following cancer sites: breast, colorectal, endometrial, ovarian and prostate cancer Follow‐up strategies following completion of primary cancer treatment in adult cancer survivors (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Follow‐up integrating additional patient symptom education or monitoring, or survivorship care plans vs usual care Time‐to‐ detection of recurrence · adult cancer survivors from the following cancer sites: breast, colorectal, endometrial, ovarian and prostate cancer Follow‐up strategies following completion of primary cancer treatment in adult cancer survivors (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Proactive ethics consultation vs usual care Decisional conflict · adult patients (aged > 18 years) Ethical case interventions for adult patients (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Request‐based ethics consultation vs usual care Health‐related quality of life · adult patients (aged > 18 years) Ethical case interventions for adult patients (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Request‐based ethics consultation vs usual care Ethical competency · adult patients (aged > 18 years) Ethical case interventions for adult patients (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Request‐based ethics consultation vs usual care Satisfaction with care · adult patients (aged > 18 years) Ethical case interventions for adult patients (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Proactive ethics consultation vs usual care Moral distress · adult patients (aged > 18 years) Ethical case interventions for adult patients (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Proactive ethics consultation vs usual care Patient involvement in decision‐making · adult patients (aged > 18 years) Ethical case interventions for adult patients (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Proactive ethics consultation vs usual care Health‐related quality of life · adult patients (aged > 18 years) Ethical case interventions for adult patients (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Proactive ethics consultation vs usual care Ethical competency · adult patients (aged > 18 years) Ethical case interventions for adult patients (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Request‐based ethics consultation vs usual care Moral distress · adult patients (aged > 18 years) Ethical case interventions for adult patients (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Request‐based ethics consultation vs usual care Patient involvement in decision‐making · adult patients (aged > 18 years) Ethical case interventions for adult patients (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians and HMO members vs no educational intervention Health care utilization · prescribers or patients that are subjected to regulatory and educational interventions in prescribing due to… Pharmaceutical policies: effects of educational or regulatory policies targeting prescribers (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians and HMO members vs no educational intervention Health outcomes · prescribers or patients that are subjected to regulatory and educational interventions in prescribing due to… Pharmaceutical policies: effects of educational or regulatory policies targeting prescribers (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians and HMO members vs mailed educational materials on prescribing Healthcare utilization · prescribers or patients that are subjected to educational or regulatory interventions in prescribing due to… Pharmaceutical policies: effects of educational or regulatory policies targeting prescribers (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians and HMO members vs mailed educational materials on prescribing Health outcomes · prescribers or patients that are subjected to educational or regulatory interventions in prescribing due to… Pharmaceutical policies: effects of educational or regulatory policies targeting prescribers (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians only vs an intervention to regulate drug reimbursement Healthcare utilization · prescribers or patients that are subjected to educational or regulatory interventions in prescribing due to… Pharmaceutical policies: effects of educational or regulatory policies targeting prescribers (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians only vs an intervention to regulate drug reimbursement Health outcomes · prescribers or patients that are subjected to educational or regulatory interventions in prescribing due to… Pharmaceutical policies: effects of educational or regulatory policies targeting prescribers (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Regulatory policy: use of a prescribing monitoring tool vs no regulatory intervention Health care utilization Pharmaceutical policies: effects of educational or regulatory policies targeting prescribers (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians and HMO members vs an intervention to regulate drug reimbursement Healthcare utilization · prescribers or patients that are subjected to educational or regulatory interventions in prescribing due to… Pharmaceutical policies: effects of educational or regulatory policies targeting prescribers (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians and HMO members vs an intervention to regulate drug reimbursement Health outcomes · prescribers or patients that are subjected to educational or regulatory interventions in prescribing due to… Pharmaceutical policies: effects of educational or regulatory policies targeting prescribers (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Regulatory policy: use of a prescribing monitoring tool vs no regulatory intervention Health outcomes Pharmaceutical policies: effects of educational or regulatory policies targeting prescribers (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Regulatory policy: use of a prescribing monitoring tool vs no regulatory intervention Costs Pharmaceutical policies: effects of educational or regulatory policies targeting prescribers (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians vs no educational intervention Health care utilization · prescribers or patients that are subjected to educational interventions in prescribing due to government,… Pharmaceutical policies: effects of educational or regulatory policies targeting prescribers (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Educational policy: mailed educational materials on prescribing for physicians vs no educational intervention Health outcomes · prescribers or patients that are subjected to educational interventions in prescribing due to government,… Pharmaceutical policies: effects of educational or regulatory policies targeting prescribers (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Primary care professionals vs ordinary emergency department physicians Adverse events · patients with minor injuries and illnesses Primary care professionals providing non‐urgent care in hospital emergency departments (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Public reporting of performance data vs no public reporting Changes in the healthcare utilisation decisions of purchasers Impact of public release of performance data on the behaviour of healthcare consumers and providers (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Public reporting of performance data vs no public reporting Adverse effects Impact of public release of performance data on the behaviour of healthcare consumers and providers (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Primary outcome measure · mixed population (women with a fear of childbirth; women with high levels of anxiety; husbands of pregnant women;… Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Maternal mortality · mixed population (women with a fear of childbirth; women with high levels of anxiety; husbands of pregnant women;… Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Primary outcome measure · nurses, midwives, physicians Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Spontaneous vaginal birth · nurses, midwives, physicians Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |