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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
15,213 questions in 2,394 reviews
current versionsNo studies 15,213 · 100%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
PFMT added to lifestyle intervention vs lifestyle intervention alone Condition‐specific quality of life ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to lifestyle intervention vs lifestyle intervention alone General health status evaluation e.g. Short Form (SF)‐36 ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to lifestyle intervention vs lifestyle intervention alone Number of women requiring further treatment such as surgery, drugs, mechanical devices (relapse) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to bladder training vs bladder training alone Number of women reporting incontinence at 1 year or more after treatment (subjective) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to bladder training vs bladder training alone Objective measure of urine leakage (e.g. pad test) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to bladder training vs bladder training alone Number of women experiencing pain ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to vaginal cones vs vaginal cones alone Number of women reporting incontinence at 1 year or more after treatment (subjective) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to bladder training vs bladder training alone General health status evaluation e.g. Short Form (SF)‐36 ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to electrical stimulation vs electrical stimulation alone (excluding implanted electrodes) Number of women reporting incontinence at 1 year or more after treatment (subjective) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to electrical stimulation vs electrical stimulation alone (excluding implanted electrodes) Objective measure of urine leakage (e.g. pad test) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to electrical stimulation vs electrical stimulation alone (excluding implanted electrodes) Number of women experiencing pain ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to electrical stimulation vs electrical stimulation alone (excluding implanted electrodes) Condition‐specific quality of life assessed by patient questionnaire such as Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ), King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to electrical stimulation vs electrical stimulation alone (excluding implanted electrodes) General health status evaluation e.g. Short Form (SF)‐36 ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to electrical stimulation vs electrical stimulation alone (excluding implanted electrodes) Number of women requiring further treatment such as surgery, drugs, mechanical devices (relapse) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to magnetic stimulation vs magnetic stimulation alone Number of women cured or improved (subjective) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to magnetic stimulation vs magnetic stimulation alone Number of women reporting incontinence at 1 year or more after treatment (subjective) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to magnetic stimulation vs magnetic stimulation alone Objective measure of urine leakage (e.g. pad test) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to magnetic stimulation vs magnetic stimulation alone Number of women reporting adverse events ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to magnetic stimulation vs magnetic stimulation alone Condition‐specific quality of life assessed by patient questionnaire such as Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ), King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to magnetic stimulation vs magnetic stimulation alone General health status evaluation e.g. Short Form (SF)‐36 ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to magnetic stimulation vs magnetic stimulation alone Number of women requiring further treatment such as surgery, drugs, mechanical devices (relapse) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to continence pessary vs continence pessary alone Number of women reporting incontinence at 1 year or more after treatment (subjective) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to continence pessary vs continence pessary alone Objective measure of urine leakage (e.g. pad test) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to continence pessary vs continence pessary alone Number of women reporting adverse events ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to vaginal cones vs vaginal cones alone Number of women experiencing pain ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to continence pessary vs continence pessary alone General health status evaluation e.g. Short Form (SF)‐36 ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to continence pessary vs continence pessary alone Number of women requiring further treatment such as surgery, drugs, mechanical devices (relapse) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to drug therapy vs drug therapy alone Number of women reporting incontinence at 1 year or more after treatment (subjective) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to drug therapy vs drug therapy alone Objective measure of urine leakage (e.g. pad test) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to drug therapy vs drug therapy alone General health status evaluation e.g. Short Form (SF)‐36 ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to drug therapy vs drug therapy alone Number of women requiring further treatment such as surgery, drugs, mechanical devices (relapse) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to vaginal cones vs vaginal cones alone Condition‐specific quality of life assessed by patient questionnaire such as Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ), King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT prior to surgical intervention vs surgical intervention alone Number of women cured or improved (subjective) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT prior to surgical intervention vs surgical intervention alone Number of women reporting incontinence at 1 year or more after treatment (subjective) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT prior to surgical intervention vs surgical intervention alone Objective measure of urine leakage (e.g. pad test) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT prior to surgical intervention vs surgical intervention alone Number of women reporting adverse events ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT prior to surgical intervention vs surgical intervention alone Condition‐specific quality of life assessed by patient questionnaire such as Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ), King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT prior to surgical intervention vs surgical intervention alone General health status evaluation e.g. Short Form (SF)‐36 ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT prior to surgical intervention vs surgical intervention alone Number of women requiring further treatment such as surgery, drugs, mechanical devices (relapse) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to HSGS vs HSGS alone Number of women reporting incontinence at 1 year or more after treatment (subjective) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to HSGS vs HSGS alone Objective measure of urine leakage (e.g. pad test) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to vaginal cones vs vaginal cones alone General health status evaluation e.g. Short Form (SF)‐36 ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to HSGS vs HSGS alone Number of women experiencing pain ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to HSGS vs HSGS alone Condition‐specific quality of life assessed by patient questionnaire such as Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ), King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to HSGS vs HSGS alone General health status evaluation e.g. Short Form (SF)‐36 ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to HSGS vs HSGS alone Number of women requiring further treatment such as surgery, drugs, mechanical devices (relapse) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to vaginal cones vs vaginal cones alone Number of women requiring further treatment such as surgery, drugs, mechanical devices (relapse) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to lifestyle intervention vs lifestyle intervention alone Number of women cured or improved (subjective) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PFMT added to lifestyle intervention vs lifestyle intervention alone Number of women reporting incontinence at 1 year or more after treatment (subjective) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence Pelvic floor muscle training added to another active treatment versus the same active treatment alone for… (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Total thyroidectomy vs bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy Health‐related quality of life Thyroid surgery for Graves’ disease and Graves’ ophthalmopathy (2015) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |