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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
197 questions in 30 reviews · Anaesthesia
current versionsNo studies 197 · 100%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Intervention NR Comparator · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Placebo · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Corticosteroids · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Antihistamines · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Anticholinergics · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Comparator · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Placebo · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia Interventions: antiemetic drugs (monoprophylaxis and… Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults after general anaesthesia: a network… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
BIS vs ETAG Time to eye opening · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia; types of anaesthesia included propofol, desflurane,… Bispectral index for improving intraoperative awareness and early postoperative recovery in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
BIS vs ETAG Time to orientation · adults undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia; types of anaesthesia included propofol, desflurane,… Bispectral index for improving intraoperative awareness and early postoperative recovery in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Epidural analgesia vs peripheral nerve blocks Pulmonary complications (0 to 30 days) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass Epidural analgesia for adults undergoing cardiac surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Epidural analgesia vs peripheral nerve blocks Atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter (0 to 2 weeks) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass Epidural analgesia for adults undergoing cardiac surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Epidural analgesia vs peripheral nerve blocks Risk of neurological complications (0 to 30 days) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass Epidural analgesia for adults undergoing cardiac surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Epidural analgesia vs intrapleural analgesia Mortality (0 to 30 days) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass Epidural analgesia for adults undergoing cardiac surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Epidural analgesia vs intrapleural analgesia Pulmonary complications (0 to 30 days) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass Epidural analgesia for adults undergoing cardiac surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Epidural analgesia vs intrapleural analgesia Atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter) (0 to 2 weeks) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass Epidural analgesia for adults undergoing cardiac surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Epidural analgesia vs intrapleural analgesia Risk of neurologicalcomplications (0 to 30 days) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass Epidural analgesia for adults undergoing cardiac surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Epidural analgesia vs intrapleural analgesia Haemodynamic support (in hospital) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass Epidural analgesia for adults undergoing cardiac surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Epidural analgesia vs wound infiltration Mortallity (0 to 30 days) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass Epidural analgesia for adults undergoing cardiac surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Epidural analgesia vs wound infiltration Myocardial infarction (0 to 30 days) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass Epidural analgesia for adults undergoing cardiac surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Epidural analgesia vs wound infiltration Pulmonary complications (0 to 30 days) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass Epidural analgesia for adults undergoing cardiac surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Epidural analgesia vs wound infiltration Atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter (0 to 2 weeks) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass Epidural analgesia for adults undergoing cardiac surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Epidural analgesia vs wound infiltration Risk of neurologicalcomplications (0 to 30 days) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass Epidural analgesia for adults undergoing cardiac surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Epidural analgesia vs wound infiltration Haemodynamic support (in hospital) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass Epidural analgesia for adults undergoing cardiac surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) vs control or placebo medications Length of hospital stay (hours) · adults undergoing brain surgery Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Dexmedetomidine vs control or placebo medications Acute postoperative pain at 48 hours · adults undergoing brain surgery Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Dexmedetomidine vs control or placebo medications Analgesic Success · adults undergoing brain surgery Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Dexmedetomidine vs control or placebo medications Chronic Headache · adults undergoing brain surgery Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Dexmedetomidine vs control or placebo medications Length of hospital stay (hours) · adults undergoing brain surgery Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Pregabalin or Gabapentin vs control or placebo medications Analgesic Success · adults undergoing brain surgery Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Pregabalin or Gabapentin vs control or placebo medications Sedation · adults undergoing brain surgery Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Pregabalin or Gabapentin vs control or placebo medications Length of critical care stay (hours) · adults undergoing brain surgery Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acetaminophen vs control or placebo medications Analgesic Success · adults undergoing brain surgery Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acetaminophen vs control or placebo medications Chronic headache · adults undergoing brain surgery Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acetaminophen vs control or placebo medications Adverse events · adults undergoing brain surgery Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Scalp infiltration vs control or placebo intervention Sedation · adults undergoing brain surgery Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Scalp infiltration vs control or placebo intervention Chronic headache · adults undergoing brain surgery Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Scalp infiltration vs control or placebo intervention Length of critical care stay (hours) · adults undergoing brain surgery Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Scalp infiltration vs control or placebo intervention Length of hospital stay (hours) · adults undergoing brain surgery Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Scalp block vs control or placebo intervention Sedation · adults undergoing brain surgery Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Scalp block vs control or placebo intervention Chronic headache · adults undergoing brain surgery Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Scalp block vs control or placebo intervention Length of critical care stay (hours) · adults undergoing brain surgery Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Scalp block vs control or placebo intervention Length of hospital stay (hours) · adults undergoing brain surgery Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) vs control or placebo medications Sedation · adults undergoing brain surgery Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) vs control or placebo medications Chronic Headache · adults undergoing brain surgery Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) vs control or placebo medications Length of critical care stay (hours) · adults undergoing brain surgery Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of acute postoperative pain in adults following brain surgery (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Supplemental IV crystalloid vs control IV crystalloid volume Risk of suffering a serious adverse event, reported dichotomously as the occurrence of any of: admission to high‐dependency unit, postoperative cardiac or respiratory complication, or death · participants aged 6 months or older undergoing surgical procedures under general anaesthesia Supplemental perioperative intravenous crystalloids for postoperative nausea and vomiting (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
4% prilocaine plain vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine Adverse effects: pain following injection · Participants of any age and gender undergoing dental procedures, and volunteers who took part in simulated scenario… Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia (2018) · Cochrane | SoF: Not measured. | 0 studies | No studies |
4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine vs 2% mepivacaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine Adverse effects: pain following injection · Participants of any age and gender undergoing dental procedures, and volunteers who took part in simulated scenario… Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia (2018) · Cochrane | SoF: Not measured. | 0 studies | No studies |
4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine vs 2% mepivacaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine Duration of anaesthesia · Participants of any age and gender undergoing dental procedures, and volunteers who took part in simulated scenario… Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia (2018) · Cochrane | SoF: Not measured. | 0 studies | No studies |
0.5% bupivacaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine Adverse effects: allergy to local anaesthetic · Participants of any age and gender undergoing dental procedures, and volunteers who took part in simulated scenario… Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia (2018) · Cochrane | SoF: Not measured. | 0 studies | No studies |