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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1,344 questions in 217 reviews · Oral Health
current versionsNo studies 1,344 · 100%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
1400/250 ppm F (amine F/SnF2) toothpaste + mouthrinse, daily vs 1400/250 ppm F (NaF) toothpaste + mouthrinse, daily Number of participants with more severe DLs (severity of DLs) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond) · At debond (end of orthodontic treatment) Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment (2019) · Cochrane | Additional SoF Table 2. Number of participants with more severe DLs: none of the trials reported this outcome. | 0 studies | No studies |
1400/250 ppm F (amine F/SnF2) toothpaste + mouthrinse, daily vs 1400/250 ppm F (NaF) toothpaste + mouthrinse, daily Adverse effects · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond) · At debond (end of orthodontic treatment) Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment (2019) · Cochrane | Additional SoF Table 2. Adverse effects: none of the trials reported this outcome. | 0 studies | No studies |
Antifibrinolytic therapy (tranexamic acid or epsilon aminocaproic acid) vs Placebo, no intervention or usual care (with or without placebo) Outcome NR · People with Von Willebrand disease undergoing minor oral surgery or dental extractions Antifibrinolytic therapy for preventing oral bleeding in patients with haemophilia or Von Willebrand disease… (2019) · Cochrane | No randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials in people with Von Willebrand disease met the inclusion criteria; no eligible VWD trials were identified. | 0 studies | No studies |
0.6% eucalyptus chewing gum vs Placebo chewing gum Patient-reported OLT score · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced… · mean 4 weeks Interventions for managing halitosis (2019) · Cochrane | Patient-reported OLT score: listed in the Summary of findings table but no data reported. No data were reported for patient-reported OLT score. | 0 studies | No studies |
Acupressure at P6 point with sea band plus sedation vs Sham (dummy) acupressure with sedation Adverse effects · People (older than four years) classified as having gagging that interfered with dental treatment; included trials… Management of gag reflex for patients undergoing dental treatment (2019) · Cochrane | None of the trials comparing acupressure with thumb, device or sea band to sham acupressure with or without sedation reported adverse effects. | 0 studies | No studies |
Acupressure at P6 point with sea band vs Sham (dummy) acupressure Adverse effects · People (older than four years) classified as having gagging that interfered with dental treatment; included trials… Management of gag reflex for patients undergoing dental treatment (2019) · Cochrane | None of the trials comparing acupressure with thumb, device or sea band to sham acupressure with or without sedation reported adverse effects. | 0 studies | No studies |
1450 ppm F toothpaste vs 440 ppm F toothpaste Adverse effects of toothpaste · Young children with primary (deciduous) dentition (aged 1 to 6 years at study start) Fluoride toothpastes of different concentrations for preventing dental caries (2019) · Cochrane | Adverse effects of toothpaste: no studies reported this outcome. | 0 studies | No studies |
Laser enamel preparation vs Enameloplasty Any planned outcome (sealant retention, caries, etc.) · Patients with premolars/molars requiring pit-and-fissure sealants The clinical effects of laser preparation of tooth surfaces for fissure sealants placement: a systematic… (2019) | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
1000 mg champignon extract vs Placebo Adverse events · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced… · mean 2 weeks Interventions for managing halitosis (2019) · Cochrane | Adverse events: listed in the Summary of findings table but no data reported. No data were reported for adverse events. | 0 studies | No studies |
Intraoral fluoride-releasing glass bead device attached to the brace vs 250 ppm F (daily) fluoride mouthrinse Number of participants with more severe DLs (severity of DLs) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond) · At debond (end of orthodontic treatment) Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment (2019) · Cochrane | Additional SoF Table 3. Number of participants with more severe DLs: none of the trials reported this outcome. | 0 studies | No studies |
1450 ppm F toothpaste vs 250 ppm F toothpaste Adverse effects of toothpaste · Young children with primary (deciduous) dentition (aged 1 to 6 years at study start) Fluoride toothpastes of different concentrations for preventing dental caries (2019) · Cochrane | Adverse effects of toothpaste: no studies reported this outcome. | 0 studies | No studies |
Mechanical tongue cleaning (tongue scraper) vs No tongue cleaning Quality of life · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced… Interventions for managing halitosis (2019) · Cochrane | Quality of life was a prespecified secondary outcome. None of the 44 included studies in the review (across all comparisons) reported quality-of-life data (review-wide evidence gap). | 0 studies | No studies |
Treatment with antibiotics vs No antibiotics, placebo, or different types of antibiotics Outcome NR · People with avulsed and replanted permanent (front) teeth Interventions for treating traumatised permanent front teeth: avulsed (knocked out) and replanted (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
Rubber/elastomeric cleaning stick plus toothbrushing vs Flossing plus toothbrushing Interproximal caries · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate) Home use of interdental cleaning devices, in addition to toothbrushing, for preventing and controlling… (2019) · Cochrane | No included study assessed caries as an outcome. | 0 studies | No studies |
Interdental brushing plus toothbrushing vs Toothbrushing alone Interproximal caries · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate) Home use of interdental cleaning devices, in addition to toothbrushing, for preventing and controlling… (2019) · Cochrane | No included study assessed caries as an outcome. | 0 studies | No studies |
Laser (low-level laser) at P6 point vs Control (sham/dummy laser) Completion of dental treatment · People (older than four years) classified as having gagging that interfered with dental treatment; included trials… Management of gag reflex for patients undergoing dental treatment (2019) · Cochrane | Completion of dental treatment: none of the trials reported this outcome. | 0 studies | No studies |
Hinokitiol gel vs Placebo gel Patient-reported OLT score · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced… · mean 4 weeks Interventions for managing halitosis (2019) · Cochrane | Patient-reported OLT score: listed in the Summary of findings table but no data reported. No data were reported for patient-reported OLT score. | 0 studies | No studies |
Systemic antibiotic (oral penicillin 500 mg) plus analgesic vs Placebo plus analgesic Number of adverse events · Adults over 18 years presenting with a single tooth with a clinical diagnosis of irreversible pulpitis Antibiotic use for irreversible pulpitis (2019) · Cochrane | Number of adverse events: Outcome not reported. | NR | No studies |
Patient-used 250 ppm F mouthrinse (100 ppm amine F/150 ppm NaF), daily vs 0 ppm F placebo mouthrinse, daily Adverse effects · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond) · At debond (end of orthodontic treatment) Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment (2019) · Cochrane | SoF 4. Adverse effects: none of the trials reported this outcome. | 0 studies | No studies |
Acupressure at P6 point with sea band plus sedation vs Sham (dummy) acupressure with sedation Presence or absence of gagging · People (older than four years) classified as having gagging that interfered with dental treatment; included trials… Management of gag reflex for patients undergoing dental treatment (2019) · Cochrane | None of the trials comparing acupressure with thumb, device or sea band to sham acupressure with or without sedation reported presence or absence of gagging. | 0 studies | No studies |
Chlorhexidine + zinc acetate mouthwash vs Placebo mouthwash Patient-reported OLT score · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced… · mean 3 months Interventions for managing halitosis (2019) · Cochrane | Patient-reported OLT score: listed in the Summary of findings table but no data reported. No data were reported for patient-reported OLT score. | 0 studies | No studies |
1000 or 1100 ppm F toothpaste vs Non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste Proportion developing new caries · Adults with mature permanent dentition (aged 18 to 93 years at study start) Fluoride toothpastes of different concentrations for preventing dental caries (2019) · Cochrane | Proportion of adults developing new caries: no studies reported this outcome. | 0 studies | No studies |
Antifibrinolytic therapy (tranexamic acid or epsilon aminocaproic acid) vs Placebo, no intervention or usual care (with or without placebo) Bleeding duration · People with haemophilia (A or B) undergoing minor oral surgery or dental extractions Antifibrinolytic therapy for preventing oral bleeding in patients with haemophilia or Von Willebrand disease… (2019) · Cochrane | This outcome was not reported in either of the trials. | 0 studies | No studies |
Acupressure at P6 point with device vs Sham (dummy) acupressure Adverse effects · People (older than four years) classified as having gagging that interfered with dental treatment; included trials… Management of gag reflex for patients undergoing dental treatment (2019) · Cochrane | None of the trials comparing acupressure with thumb, device or sea band to sham acupressure with or without sedation reported adverse effects. | 0 studies | No studies |
Acupressure at P6 point with device plus sedation vs Sham (dummy) acupressure with sedation Adverse effects · People (older than four years) classified as having gagging that interfered with dental treatment; included trials… Management of gag reflex for patients undergoing dental treatment (2019) · Cochrane | None of the trials comparing acupressure with thumb, device or sea band to sham acupressure with or without sedation reported adverse effects. | 0 studies | No studies |
Acupressure at P6 point with thumb plus sedation vs Sham (dummy) acupressure with sedation Presence or absence of gagging · People (older than four years) classified as having gagging that interfered with dental treatment; included trials… Management of gag reflex for patients undergoing dental treatment (2019) · Cochrane | None of the trials comparing acupressure with thumb, device or sea band to sham acupressure with or without sedation reported presence or absence of gagging. | 0 studies | No studies |
Acupressure at P6 point with device plus sedation vs Sham (dummy) acupressure with sedation Presence or absence of gagging · People (older than four years) classified as having gagging that interfered with dental treatment; included trials… Management of gag reflex for patients undergoing dental treatment (2019) · Cochrane | None of the trials comparing acupressure with thumb, device or sea band to sham acupressure with or without sedation reported presence or absence of gagging. | 0 studies | No studies |
1000 mg champignon extract vs Placebo Dentist-reported OLT score · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced… · mean 2 weeks Interventions for managing halitosis (2019) · Cochrane | Dentist-reported OLT score: listed in the Summary of findings table but no data reported. No data were reported for dentist-reported OLT score. | 0 studies | No studies |
Laser (low-level laser) at P6 point vs Control (sham/dummy laser) Adverse effects · People (older than four years) classified as having gagging that interfered with dental treatment; included trials… Management of gag reflex for patients undergoing dental treatment (2019) · Cochrane | Adverse effects: none of the trials reported adverse effects. | 0 studies | No studies |
Rubber/elastomeric cleaning stick plus toothbrushing vs Toothbrushing alone Harms and adverse effects · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate) Home use of interdental cleaning devices, in addition to toothbrushing, for preventing and controlling… (2019) · Cochrane | Harms and adverse outcomes: Not reported (neither study reported on adverse effects). | 0 studies | No studies |
Acupressure at P6 point with thumb plus sedation vs Sham (dummy) acupressure with sedation Adverse effects · People (older than four years) classified as having gagging that interfered with dental treatment; included trials… Management of gag reflex for patients undergoing dental treatment (2019) · Cochrane | None of the trials comparing acupressure with thumb, device or sea band to sham acupressure with or without sedation reported adverse effects. | 0 studies | No studies |
Wooden cleaning stick plus toothbrushing vs Toothbrushing alone Interproximal caries · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate) Home use of interdental cleaning devices, in addition to toothbrushing, for preventing and controlling… (2019) · Cochrane | No included study assessed caries as an outcome. | 0 studies | No studies |
Antifibrinolytic therapy (tranexamic acid or epsilon aminocaproic acid) vs Placebo, no intervention or usual care (with or without placebo) Any postoperative complication except bleeding (such as wound infection) · People with haemophilia (A or B) undergoing minor oral surgery or dental extractions Antifibrinolytic therapy for preventing oral bleeding in patients with haemophilia or Von Willebrand disease… (2019) · Cochrane | This outcome was not reported in either of the trials. | 0 studies | No studies |
Patient-used 250 ppm F mouthrinse (100 ppm amine F/150 ppm NaF), daily vs 0 ppm F placebo mouthrinse, daily Number of participants with more severe DLs (severity of DLs) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond) · At debond (end of orthodontic treatment) Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment (2019) · Cochrane | SoF 4. Number of participants with more severe DLs: none of the trials reported this outcome. | 0 studies | No studies |
Toothbrushing + 0.075% cetylpyridinium chloride mouthwash vs Toothbrushing Patient-reported OLT score · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced… · mean 3 weeks Interventions for managing halitosis (2019) · Cochrane | Patient-reported OLT score: listed in the Summary of findings table but no data reported. No data were reported for patient-reported OLT score. | 0 studies | No studies |
Laser enamel preparation vs Air abrasion Any planned outcome (sealant retention, caries, etc.) · Patients with premolars/molars requiring pit-and-fissure sealants The clinical effects of laser preparation of tooth surfaces for fissure sealants placement: a systematic… (2019) | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
Interdental brushing plus toothbrushing vs Flossing plus toothbrushing Interproximal caries · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate) Home use of interdental cleaning devices, in addition to toothbrushing, for preventing and controlling… (2019) · Cochrane | No included study assessed caries as an outcome. | 0 studies | No studies |
Wooden cleaning stick plus toothbrushing vs Flossing plus toothbrushing Gingivitis (gingival index) · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate) Home use of interdental cleaning devices, in addition to toothbrushing, for preventing and controlling… (2019) · Cochrane | Gingivitis measured by gingival index: Not measured. | 0 studies | No studies |
Wooden cleaning stick plus toothbrushing vs Flossing plus toothbrushing Harms and adverse effects · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate) Home use of interdental cleaning devices, in addition to toothbrushing, for preventing and controlling… (2019) · Cochrane | Harms and adverse outcomes: Not reported (neither study reported on adverse effects). | 0 studies | No studies |
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) vs Children and adolescents without JIA (healthy peers) Dental erosive wear · Children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) Oral health in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis - a systematic review and… (2019) | The present review lacked studies with focus on erosive wear; it concluded that for dental erosive wear there is no scientific evidence to answer the posed research questions. | 0 studies | No studies |
Acupressure at P6 point with thumb vs Sham (dummy) acupressure Presence or absence of gagging · People (older than four years) classified as having gagging that interfered with dental treatment; included trials… Management of gag reflex for patients undergoing dental treatment (2019) · Cochrane | None of the trials comparing acupressure with thumb, device or sea band to sham acupressure with or without sedation reported presence or absence of gagging. | 0 studies | No studies |
1000 or 1100 ppm F toothpaste vs Non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste Adverse effects of toothpaste · Adults with mature permanent dentition (aged 18 to 93 years at study start) Fluoride toothpastes of different concentrations for preventing dental caries (2019) · Cochrane | Adverse effects of toothpaste: no studies reported this outcome. | 0 studies | No studies |
Acupressure at P6 point with sea band vs Sham (dummy) acupressure Presence or absence of gagging · People (older than four years) classified as having gagging that interfered with dental treatment; included trials… Management of gag reflex for patients undergoing dental treatment (2019) · Cochrane | None of the trials comparing acupressure with thumb, device or sea band to sham acupressure with or without sedation reported presence or absence of gagging. | 0 studies | No studies |
0.6% eucalyptus chewing gum vs Placebo chewing gum Adverse events · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced… · mean 4 weeks Interventions for managing halitosis (2019) · Cochrane | Adverse events: listed in the Summary of findings table but no data reported. No data were reported for adverse events. | 0 studies | No studies |
Rubber/elastomeric cleaning stick plus toothbrushing vs Interdental brushing plus toothbrushing Interproximal caries · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate) Home use of interdental cleaning devices, in addition to toothbrushing, for preventing and controlling… (2019) · Cochrane | No included study assessed caries as an outcome. | 0 studies | No studies |
Storage of the tooth prior to replantation (storage medium) vs Different storage medium or dry storage Outcome NR · People with avulsed and replanted permanent (front) teeth Interventions for treating traumatised permanent front teeth: avulsed (knocked out) and replanted (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
Acupuncture at P6 point vs Sham acupuncture Presence or absence of gagging · People (older than four years) classified as having gagging that interfered with dental treatment; included trials… Management of gag reflex for patients undergoing dental treatment (2019) · Cochrane | Presence or absence of gagging: none of the trials reported this outcome. | 0 studies | No studies |
Wooden cleaning stick plus toothbrushing vs Toothbrushing alone Harms and adverse effects · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate) Home use of interdental cleaning devices, in addition to toothbrushing, for preventing and controlling… (2019) · Cochrane | Harms and adverse outcomes: Not reported (neither study reported on adverse effects). | 0 studies | No studies |
Oral irrigation plus toothbrushing vs Toothbrushing alone Interproximal caries · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate) Home use of interdental cleaning devices, in addition to toothbrushing, for preventing and controlling… (2019) · Cochrane | No included study assessed caries as an outcome. | 0 studies | No studies |
Rubber/elastomeric cleaning stick plus toothbrushing vs Toothbrushing alone Interproximal caries · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate) Home use of interdental cleaning devices, in addition to toothbrushing, for preventing and controlling… (2019) · Cochrane | No included study assessed caries as an outcome. | 0 studies | No studies |