What do systematic reviews say?

2,916 questions · 3,207 findings · 167 reviews · related questions CL0289

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No studies found 596 · 18.6%GRADE not reported 1,666 · 51.9%Very low 603 · 18.8%Low 252 · 7.9%Moderate 78 · 2.4%High 12 · 0.4%

Minimal incision palatopharyngoplasty (MIPP) vs MIPP with additional individualised velopharyngeal surgery (pharyngeal flap or sphincter pharyngoplasty)

Perceptual speech assessment: residual post-operative velopharyngeal insufficiency · Children or adolescents aged 3 years or older with velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) associated with non-syndromic submucous cleft palate

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of submucous cleft palate 2008 · Cochrane All outcomes
3 months post-operatively
Five (14%) of the participants in group 1 (MIPP) and four (11%) in group 2 had residual post-operative velopharyngeal insufficiency, P > 0.05. The report provided no details on post-operative speech assessment other…
1 study · 72 participants
GRADE not reported

Systemic oral acyclovir vs placebo or no treatment

Mean time to resolution of pain · Children and young adults under 25 years with primary herpetic gingivostomatitis (with or without herpes labialis)

1 finding from 1 review

Acyclovir for treating primary herpetic gingivostomatitis 2008 · Cochrane All outcomes
Amir 1997b: no data available. Ducoulombier 1988: time to resolution of pain, acyclovir (1 day=1, 2 days=1, 3 days=3, 4 days=3, 5 days=1, persistent=0) vs placebo (1 day=0, 2 days=0, 3 days=1, 4 days=2, 5 days=4,…
1 study · 18 participants
GRADE not reported

Occlusal adjustment as an adjunct to surgical periodontal therapy vs Surgical periodontal therapy alone (no occlusal adjustment)

Change in probing pocket depth (PPD) · Adults with chronic periodontitis

Occlusal adjustment as an adjunct to surgical periodontal therapy showed no clear difference in probing (pocket) depth change (difference in mean reduction, mm) compared with surgical periodontal therapy alone (no occlusal adjustment); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal interventions for periodontitis in adults 2008 · Cochrane All outcomes
2 years
MD 0.01 [-0.20, 0.22]
1 study · 50 participants
GRADE not reported

Occlusal adjustment as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy vs Non-surgical periodontal therapy alone (no occlusal adjustment)

Attachment change · Adults with chronic periodontitis

Occlusal adjustment as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy led to higher clinical attachment level change (mean gain, mm) compared with non-surgical periodontal therapy alone (no occlusal adjustment); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal interventions for periodontitis in adults 2008 · Cochrane All outcomes
2 years
MD 0.38 [0.04, 0.72]
1 study · 50 participants
GRADE not reported

Conditioning and sealing with an adhesive resin (smear-removing bonding system) vs Conventional calcium hydroxide lining

Maintenance of pulp vitality (freedom from pulpal breakdown) up to 36 months · Healthy adults with asymptomatic posterior permanent teeth with deep caries and a vital (non-exposed) pulp requiring restoration

1 finding from 1 review

Pulp management for caries in adults: maintaining pulp vitality 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
36 months
Whitworth 2005: 602 teeth randomised; 39 emergency recalls over the 36 months after restoration, with pulp breakdown associated with 16 teeth. The authors concluded that "dentists should be confident that pulps will be…
1 study · 602 participants
GRADE not reported

Occlusal splint vs Palatal splint

Total sleep time, next night; · People with sleep bruxism (tooth grinding or clenching); children (greater than 1 year old) and adults; diagnosis clinical,…

Occlusal splint showed no clear difference in total sleep time (min) compared with palatal splint; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal splints for treating sleep bruxism (tooth grinding) 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
MD -8.60 [-96.17, 78.97]
1 study
GRADE not reported

Antifungal drugs partially absorbed from GI tract (miconazole, clotrimazole) vs placebo or no treatment

Systemic fungal infection · Patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy

Antifungal drugs partially absorbed from GI tract (miconazole,… showed no clear difference in systemic fungal infection compared with placebo or no treatment; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing oral candidiasis for patients with cancer receiving treatment 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
RR 2.27 [0.23, 22.56]
1 study · 32 participants
GRADE not reported

Antifungal drugs not absorbed from GI tract vs placebo or no treatment

Oral candidiasis (present) · Patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy

Antifungal drugs not absorbed from GI tract showed no clear difference in oral candidiasis (present) compared with placebo or no treatment; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing oral candidiasis for patients with cancer receiving treatment 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
RR 0.69 [0.47, 1.01]
8 studies · 382 participants
GRADE not reported

Occlusal splint vs Palatal splint

Sleep efficiency · People with sleep bruxism (tooth grinding or clenching); children (greater than 1 year old) and adults; diagnosis clinical,…

Occlusal splint showed no clear difference in sleep efficiency (%) compared with palatal splint; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal splints for treating sleep bruxism (tooth grinding) 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
MD -2.40 [-8.36, 3.56]
1 study
GRADE not reported

Amphotericin B vs placebo or no treatment

Oral candidiasis (present) · Patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy

Amphotericin B showed no clear difference in oral candidiasis (present) compared with placebo or no treatment; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing oral candidiasis for patients with cancer receiving treatment 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
RR 0.46 [0.18, 1.23]
2 studies · 48 participants
GRADE not reported

Itraconazole vs Fluconazole

Empirical antifungal treatment · Patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy

Itraconazole showed no clear difference in empirical antifungal treatment compared with fluconazole; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing oral candidiasis for patients with cancer receiving treatment 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
RR 0.5 [0.05, 5.43]
1 study · 202 participants
GRADE not reported

Antifungal drugs absorbed from GI tract (fluconazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole) vs placebo or no treatment

Systemic fungal infection · Patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy

Antifungal drugs absorbed from GI tract (fluconazole, ketoconazole,… showed no clear difference in systemic fungal infection compared with placebo or no treatment; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing oral candidiasis for patients with cancer receiving treatment 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
RR 0.65 [0.37, 1.14]
6 studies · 1041 participants
GRADE not reported

Antifungal drugs absorbed from GI tract (fluconazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole) vs placebo or no treatment

Relief of dysphagia · Patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing oral candidiasis for patients with cancer receiving treatment 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
No trial reported this planned secondary outcome for any comparison in this review
Studies not reported
No studies found

Glycerrhetinic acid/antibiotic mixture vs Calcium hydroxide (CH)

Clinical success (survival free of symptoms) at 24 months · Adults with asymptomatic teeth with vital carious pulp exposures

1 finding from 1 review

Pulp management for caries in adults: maintaining pulp vitality 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
24 months
Shovelton 1971 (Analysis 1.1): 275 teeth followed for 2 years (235 at 6 months, 160 at 12 months, 85 analysed at 24 months). Success rates 50% to 80%. Ledermix and calcium hydroxide had the highest success rates,…
1 study · 275 participants
GRADE not reported

Prefabricated metal post and core (Category II) vs Metal custom-cast post and core (Category I)

Outcome not reported · Participants with permanent endodontically-treated (root-filled) teeth for which a post is indicated to retain the final restoration

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Root canal posts for the restoration of root filled teeth 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
Minimum 6 months (planned)
No included trial compared metal-cast posts with prefabricated metal posts (a planned primary comparison); no eligible study identified.
0 studies
No studies found

Occlusal splint vs Pharmacological interventions (benzodiazepines, anticonvulsants, beta blockers, dopamine agents, antidepressants, botulinum toxin A and B, analgesics)

Outcome not reported · People with sleep bruxism (tooth grinding or clenching); children (greater than 1 year old) and adults; diagnosis clinical,…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal splints for treating sleep bruxism (tooth grinding) 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
Pharmacological interventions remained a planned comparator, but no included trial compared occlusal splint with any drug; no eligible study.
0 studies
No studies found

Antifungal drugs absorbed from GI tract (fluconazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole) vs placebo or no treatment

Empirical antifungal treatment · Patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy

Antifungal drugs absorbed from GI tract (fluconazole, ketoconazole,… led to lower empirical antifungal treatment compared with placebo or no treatment; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing oral candidiasis for patients with cancer receiving treatment 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
RR 0.85 [0.73, 0.99]
2 studies · 465 participants
GRADE not reported

Occlusal splint vs Transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS)

Pain in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) · People with sleep bruxism (tooth grinding or clenching); children (greater than 1 year old) and adults; diagnosis clinical,…

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal splints for treating sleep bruxism (tooth grinding) 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
Occlusal splint versus TENS, pain in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) (Alvarez-Arenal 2002): the event did not occur in either group, so the risk ratio was not estimable.
1 study
GRADE not reported

Occlusal splint vs Behaviour therapy (sleep hygiene, relaxation, psychotherapy, hypnosis, biofeedback)

Outcome not reported · People with sleep bruxism (tooth grinding or clenching); children (greater than 1 year old) and adults; diagnosis clinical,…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal splints for treating sleep bruxism (tooth grinding) 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
Behaviour therapy remained a planned comparator, but no included trial compared occlusal splint with behaviour therapy; no eligible study.
0 studies
No studies found

Occlusal splint vs Mandibular advancement device

Comfort · People with sleep bruxism (tooth grinding or clenching); children (greater than 1 year old) and adults; diagnosis clinical,…

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal splints for treating sleep bruxism (tooth grinding) 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
Occlusal splint versus mandibular advancement device, comfort (median VAS 0 to 100 mm) (Landry 2006): occlusal splint 79 mm, MAD free 41 mm, MAD min 15 mm, MAD max 12 mm; the occlusal splint was rated most comfortable.
1 study
GRADE not reported