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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
420 questions in 100 reviews · cluster CL0279
current versionsNo studies 131 · 31.2%Ungraded 222 · 52.9%Very low 47 · 11.2%Low 16 · 3.8%Moderate 4 · 1%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Intervention categories, outcome domains and clusters are a proposed key pending human validation. Clear all filters
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Aciclovir (oral or intravenous) for treatment vs Placebo Adverse effects · Patients being treated for cancer with established oral HSV infection (bone marrow transplant recipients /… Interventions for the prevention and treatment of herpes simplex virus in patients being treated for cancer (2009) · Cochrane | Adverse effects were assessed in both studies. For intravenous aciclovir the most commonly reported adverse effect was a reaction at the injection site (8 (16%) aciclovir versus 3 (7%) placebo; all patients, n = 97);… | 2 studies | Ungraded |
Enamel matrix derivative (EMD; Emdogain) vs Placebo or control (same surgical or non-surgical intervention without EMD) Postoperative complications (infection) / adverse events · Patients affected by chronic, aggressive, or early onset periodontitis, with intrabony defects having an intrabony… · 1 year (time-points 1, 5 and 10 years planned) Enamel matrix derivative (Emdogain®) for periodontal tissue regeneration in intrabony defects (2009) · Cochrane | No particular adverse events or infection attributable to EMD in any trial; no differences in pain, edema, hematoma, wound dehiscence or root sensitivity (Tonetti 2002). | 9 studies | Ungraded |
Prophylactic aciclovir (oral or intravenous) vs Placebo Adverse effects · Patients being treated for cancer (predominantly haematological malignancies) Interventions for the prevention and treatment of herpes simplex virus in patients being treated for cancer (2009) · Cochrane | Adverse effects were reported in nine trials. Diagnosis was by evaluation of clinical signs and symptoms (e.g. rash, neurological impairment) and by laboratory tests including renal and hepatic function. None of the… | 9 studies | Ungraded |
Occlusal adjustment as an adjunct to surgical periodontal therapy vs Surgical periodontal therapy alone (no occlusal adjustment) Patient acceptability of treatment and its side effects · Adults (aged 18 years or older) with a clinical diagnosis of (chronic) periodontitis · Minimum 3 months (planned) Occlusal interventions for periodontitis in adults (2008) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
Occlusal adjustment as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy vs Non-surgical periodontal therapy alone (no occlusal adjustment) Patient acceptability of treatment and its side effects · Adults (aged 18 years or older) with a clinical diagnosis of (chronic) periodontitis · Minimum 3 months (planned) Occlusal interventions for periodontitis in adults (2008) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies | No studies |
Minimal incision palatopharyngoplasty (MIPP) vs MIPP with additional individualised velopharyngeal surgery (pharyngeal flap or sphincter pharyngoplasty) Adverse effect: failure of muscle fusion in the region of the cleft after surgery · Children or adolescents aged 3 years or older with velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) associated with non-syndromic… Interventions for the management of submucous cleft palate (2008) · Cochrane | There were no reports of failure of muscle fusion after surgery. | 1 study · 72 participants | Ungraded |
Minimal incision palatopharyngoplasty (MIPP) vs MIPP with additional individualised velopharyngeal surgery (pharyngeal flap or sphincter pharyngoplasty) Adverse effect: unacceptable nasal resonance after repair · Children or adolescents aged 3 years or older with velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) associated with non-syndromic… Interventions for the management of submucous cleft palate (2008) · Cochrane | The trial report provided no information on this adverse event; no information on adverse events or serious complications was reported. | 0 studies | No studies |
Systemic oral acyclovir vs Placebo or no treatment Adverse effects · Children and young adults under 25 years with primary herpetic gingivostomatitis (with or without herpes labialis) Acyclovir for treating primary herpetic gingivostomatitis (2008) · Cochrane | Amir 1997b: two children in each group (2 vs 2) had mild gastrointestinal symptoms that resolved spontaneously after 24 to 48 hours without a change in study treatment. Ducoulombier 1988: no significant adverse effects… | 2 studies | Ungraded |
Minimal incision palatopharyngoplasty (MIPP) vs MIPP with additional individualised velopharyngeal surgery (pharyngeal flap or sphincter pharyngoplasty) Adverse effect: obstructive sleep apnoea or airway compromise · Children or adolescents aged 3 years or older with velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) associated with non-syndromic… Interventions for the management of submucous cleft palate (2008) · Cochrane | The investigators stated that none of the participants reported obstructive sleep apnoea after the interventions. | 1 study · 72 participants | Ungraded |
Occlusal splint vs Mandibular advancement device Pain during the night (adverse effect) · People with sleep bruxism (tooth grinding or clenching); children (greater than 1 year old) and adults; diagnosis… Occlusal splints for treating sleep bruxism (tooth grinding) (2007) · Cochrane | Occlusal splint versus mandibular advancement device (Landry 2006): pain during the night occurred with the MAD max and MAD min configurations (8/13). | 1 study | Ungraded |
Occlusal splint vs Mandibular advancement device Oral dryness (adverse effect) · People with sleep bruxism (tooth grinding or clenching); children (greater than 1 year old) and adults; diagnosis… Occlusal splints for treating sleep bruxism (tooth grinding) (2007) · Cochrane | Occlusal splint versus mandibular advancement device (Landry 2006): oral dryness occurred with the MAD min configuration (7/13). | 1 study | Ungraded |
Antifungal drugs partially absorbed from GI tract (miconazole, clotrimazole) vs Placebo or no treatment Toxicity (adverse events probably due to drug) · Patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy or both Interventions for preventing oral candidiasis for patients with cancer receiving treatment (2007) · Cochrane | 2 studies, 60 participants; effect not estimable (no events reported) | 2 studies · 60 participants | Ungraded |
Itraconazole vs Fluconazole Toxicity (adverse events probably due to drug) · Patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy or both Interventions for preventing oral candidiasis for patients with cancer receiving treatment (2007) · Cochrane | 2 studies, 232 participants; effect not estimable | 2 studies · 232 participants | Ungraded |
Paracetamol (single oral dose, any dose or formulation; subgroups up to 1000 mg and 1000 mg or more) vs Placebo Patients with one or more adverse events · Patients requiring surgical removal of a lower wisdom tooth or teeth, with baseline moderate to severe pain (surgery… · up to 7 days Paracetamol for pain relief after surgical removal of lower wisdom teeth (2007) · Cochrane | RR 1.19 [0.90, 1.57] | 17 studies · 1645 participants | Ungraded |
Antifungal drugs absorbed from GI tract (fluconazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole) vs Placebo or no treatment Toxicity (adverse events probably due to drug) · Patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy or both Interventions for preventing oral candidiasis for patients with cancer receiving treatment (2007) · Cochrane | RR 1.18 [0.84, 1.67] | 3 studies · 871 participants | Ungraded |
Antifungal drugs absorbed from GI tract vs Antifungal drugs not absorbed from GI tract Toxicity (adverse events probably due to drug) · Patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy or both Interventions for preventing oral candidiasis for patients with cancer receiving treatment (2007) · Cochrane | RR 0.88 [0.33, 2.3] | 6 studies · 2018 participants | Ungraded |
Tongue scraper or tongue cleaner (One Drop Only tongue cleaner; Tongue-Putzer scraper; polystyrene scraper) vs Toothbrush (used to clean the tongue) Adverse effects (tongue trauma, nausea) and acceptability · Adults (over 18 years) with a clinical or self-assessed diagnosis of halitosis · 1 week (Pedrazzi 2004) Tongue scraping for treating halitosis (2006) · Cochrane | Pedrazzi 2004: six of ten (60%) participants complained of nausea and one participant of tongue trauma, only with the toothbrush; all participants were receptive to the tongue scraper. Seemann 2001: no adverse effects… | 2 studies | Ungraded |
Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) with barrier membrane (resorbable or non-resorbable) vs Open flap debridement (access flap surgery) Post-operative complications / adverse effects (including pain, infection) · Patients with chronic periodontitis (aged 21 years or older) with periodontal infra-bony defects; furcation-involved… Guided tissue regeneration for periodontal infra-bony defects (2006) · Cochrane | Adverse effects were generally minor. Healing was generally uneventful for both test and control groups. Exposure of the GTR barrier membrane was widely reported, ranging from 20% of sites (non-resorbable… | 16 studies | Ungraded |
Direct resin composite veneer vs Indirect resin composite veneer Adverse reactions · Patients with permanent anterior teeth with intrinsic staining suitable for laminate veneer restorations Direct versus indirect veneer restorations for intrinsic dental stains (2004) · Cochrane | Planned outcome; no adverse-reaction data were reported by the included trial. | 0 studies | No studies |
Occlusal adjustment (OA) vs Placebo Adverse events · Adults (aged 18 years or older) with clinically diagnosed temporomandibular disorders (TMD) Occlusal adjustment for treating and preventing temporomandibular joint disorders (2003) · Cochrane | There were no reports of adverse reactions. | 0 studies | No studies |