Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,293 questions · 2,395 findings · 172 reviews · Gut

No studies found 420 · 17.5%GRADE not reported 60 · 2.5%Very low 821 · 34.3%Low 602 · 25.1%Moderate 397 · 16.6%High 95 · 4%

Intervention not reported

Number of participants with improved quality of life · children with chronic constipation

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes number of participants with improved quality of life (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Self‐perceived QoL (change from baseline) measured using Peds QL 4.0 Generic Core Scales, scoring 0‐100 points, higher score indicates better quality of life) · children with chronic constipation
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Parent‐perceived QoL (change from baseline) measured using PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scales, scoring 0‐100 points, higher score indicates better quality of life) · children with chronic constipation
1 finding from 1 review

Enhanced recovery protocol vs usual care

Serious adverse events (proportion) · people with major upper gastrointestinal, liver and pancreatic surgery

It is very uncertain whether enhanced recovery protocol changes serious adverse events (proportion) compared with standard care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Enhanced recovery protocol vs usual care

Serious adverse events (number) · people with major upper gastrointestinal, liver and pancreatic surgery

It is very uncertain whether enhanced recovery protocol changes serious adverse events (number) compared with standard care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Enhanced recovery protocol vs usual care

Adverse events mild adverse events · people with major upper gastrointestinal, liver and pancreatic surgery

Enhanced recovery protocol may leads to lower mild adverse events (proportion) compared with standard care (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Short‐term mortality · people with necrotising pancreatitis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Organ failure · people with necrotising pancreatitis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Adverse events (number) · people with necrotising pancreatitis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Peritoneal lavage vs. open necrosectomy · people with necrotising pancreatitis

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes peritoneal lavage vs. open necrosectomy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Minimally invasive step‐up approach vs. open necrosectomy · people with necrotising pancreatitis

The intervention may leads to lower minimally invasive step‐up approach vs. open necrosectomy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Minimally invasive step‐up approach: video‐assisted vs. endoscopic · people with necrotising pancreatitis

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes minimally invasive step‐up approach: video‐assisted vs. endoscopic (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Peritoneal lavage vs. open necrosectomy · people with necrotising pancreatitis

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes peritoneal lavage vs. open necrosectomy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Minimally invasive step‐up approach vs. open necrosectomy · people with necrotising pancreatitis

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes minimally invasive step‐up approach vs. open necrosectomy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Delayed open necrosectomy vs. early open necrosectomy · people with necrotising pancreatitis

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes delayed open necrosectomy vs. early open necrosectomy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review