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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,317 questions · 75,239 findings · 5,342 reviews

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No studies found 15,213 · 20.2%GRADE not reported 10,323 · 13.7%Very low 17,528 · 23.3%Low 17,951 · 23.9%Moderate 11,190 · 14.9%High 3,034 · 4%

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Oral nutritional supplements vs usual care or control

Infectious complications · people undergoing gastrointestinal surgery

It is very uncertain whether oral nutritional supplements changes infectious complications recorded up to 30 days postdischarge compared with usual care or control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Preoperative enteral nutrition (standard formula) vs usual care or control

Infectious complications · people undergoing gastrointestinal surgery

It is very uncertain whether preoperative enteral nutrition (standard formula) changes infectious complications compared with usual care or control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immune‐enhancing supplements (oral or enteral) vs usual care or control

Non‐infectious complications · people undergoing gastrointestinal surgery

Immune‐enhancing supplements (oral or enteral) showed no clear difference in non‐ infectious complications recorded up to 30 days postdischarge compared with usual care or control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical corticosteroids vs placebo or no treatment

Complete resolution of phimosis · boys up to 18 years old with phimosis

Topical corticosteroids may leads to higher complete resolution of phimosis compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review