Very severe primary PPH (clinically estimated or measured blood loss ≥ to 2500 mL at time of birth) · all women who expected a vaginal birth at 24 weeks' gestation or later and their babies
1 finding from 1 review
Maternal death · all women who expected a vaginal birth at 24 weeks' gestation or later and their babies
1 finding from 1 review
Maternal Hb < 9 g/dL 24‐72 hours postpartum · all women who expected a vaginal birth at 24 weeks' gestation or later and their babies
Active may leads to lower maternal Hb < 9 g/dL 24‐72 hours postpartum compared with expectant management of the third stage of labour (all women) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Admission to SCBU/NICU · all women who expected a vaginal birth at 24 weeks' gestation or later and their babies
Active showed no clear difference in admission to SCBU/NICU compared with expectant management of the third stage of labour (all women) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Neonatal jaundice requiring phototherapy or exchange transfusion · all women who expected a vaginal birth at 24 weeks' gestation or later and their babies
It is very uncertain whether active changes neonatal jaundice requiring phototherapy or exchange transfusion compared with expectant management of the third stage of labour (all women) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Neonatal polycythaemia treated with dilutional exchange transfusion · all women who expected a vaginal birth at 24 weeks' gestation or later and their babies
1 finding from 1 review
Number of women requiring a repeat regional block or a general anaesthetic as a result of failure to establish adequate initial blockade · women undergoing caesarean section
Combined spinal‐epidural showed no clear difference in number of women requiring a repeat regional block or a general… compared with high‐dose spinal (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of women requiring supplemental intra‐operative analgesia at any time after CSE or spinal anaesthetic insertion · women undergoing caesarean section
It is very uncertain whether combined spinal‐epidural changes number of women requiring supplemental intra‐operative analgesia at… compared with high‐dose spinal (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of women requiring intra‐operative conversion to general anaesthesia · women undergoing caesarean section
It is very uncertain whether combined spinal‐epidural changes number of women requiring intra‐operative conversion to general… compared with high‐dose spinal (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of women satisfied with anaesthesia · women undergoing caesarean section
It is very uncertain whether combined spinal‐epidural changes number of women satisfied with anaesthesia compared with high‐dose spinal (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of women requiring a repeat regional block or a general anaesthetic as a result of failure to establish adequate initial blockade · women undergoing caesarean section
Combined spinal‐epidural showed no clear difference in number of women requiring a repeat regional block or a general… compared with low‐dose spinal (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of women requiring supplemental intra‐operative analgesia at any time after CSE or spinal anaesthetic insertion · women undergoing caesarean section
Combined spinal‐epidural showed no clear difference in number of women requiring supplemental intra‐operative analgesia at… compared with low‐dose spinal (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of women requiring intra‐operative conversion to general anaesthesia · women undergoing caesarean section
1 finding from 1 review
Number of women satisfied with anaesthesia · women undergoing caesarean section
1 finding from 1 review
Pre‐eclampsia · pregnant women and their infants..
Vitamin D supplementation probably leads to lower pre‐eclampsia compared with placebo or no intervention (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Maternal adverse events · pregnant women and their infants..
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Preterm birth · pregnant women and their infants..
Vitamin D + calcium supplementation may leads to higher preterm birth (less than 37 weeks' gestation) compared with placebo or no intervention (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Low birthweight · pregnant women and their infants..
It is very uncertain whether vitamin D + calcium supplementation changes low birthweight (less than 2500 g) compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pre‐eclampsia · pregnant women and their infants..
1 finding from 1 review
Gestational diabetes · pregnant women and their infants..
It is very uncertain whether vitamin D + calcium + other vitamins and minerals changes gestational diabetes compared with calcium + other vitamins and minerals (but no vitamin D) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review