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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

779 questions · 866 findings · 43 reviews · Oral and maxillofacial surgery

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No studies found 188 · 21.7%GRADE not reported 548 · 63.3%Very low 81 · 9.4%Low 37 · 4.3%Moderate 8 · 0.9%High 4 · 0.5%

Second molar distally inclined at extraction vs Second molar upright at extraction

Spontaneous space closure · Children and adolescents after extraction of a mandibular permanent first molar (before eruption of the second molar)

In the mandible, distal inclination of the second molar vs upright was not significantly associated with space closure (OR 1.18; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal splint vs Another occlusal splint with a different mechanism of action

Frequency of joint noise · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

It is very uncertain whether occlusal splint changes frequency of joint noise compared with another occlusal splint with a different mechanism of action (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal splint vs Physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training, laser, TENS, manual therapy)

Severity of joint noise · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

It is very uncertain whether occlusal splint changes severity of joint noise compared with physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training,… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal splint vs Behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care management)

Joint pain at rest · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

It is very uncertain whether occlusal splint changes joint pain at rest compared with behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Unilateral extraction of the mandibular first permanent molar vs Bilateral extraction of the mandibular first permanent molars

Midline deviation of the mandibular arch · Children and adolescents after extraction of a mandibular permanent first molar (before eruption of the second molar)

One study found midline deviation more likely after unilateral than bilateral extraction (OR 11.6; single study; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal splint vs No treatment or placebo (non-occlusal or transparent-foil placebo splint)

Muscle pain when chewing · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

It is very uncertain whether occlusal splint changes muscle pain when chewing compared with no treatment or placebo (non-occlusal or transparent-foil placebo… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

M2 Demirjian stages F-G vs Second molar at Demirjian stage D-E at extraction

Spontaneous space closure · Children and adolescents after extraction of a mandibular permanent first molar (before eruption of the second molar)

In the mandible, Demirjian stage F-G vs D-E was not significantly associated with space closure (OR 0.68; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal splint vs Another occlusal splint with a different mechanism of action

Joint pain at rest · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

It is very uncertain whether occlusal splint changes joint pain at rest compared with another occlusal splint with a different mechanism of action (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Second molar at Demirjian stage A-D at extraction vs Second molar at Demirjian stage G-H at extraction

Spontaneous space closure · Children and adolescents after extraction of a mandibular permanent first molar (before eruption of the second molar)

In the mandible, Demirjian stage A-D vs G-H was not significantly associated with space closure (OR 2.75; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Extraction of the mandibular permanent first molar vs Not applicable (single-group prevalence)

Rotation of the mandibular second premolar · Children and adolescents after extraction of a mandibular permanent first molar (before eruption of the second molar)

After mandibular first molar extraction, the second premolar was rotated in about 60% of cases (2 studies; very imprecise; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Male sex vs Female sex

Spontaneous space closure · Children and adolescents after extraction of a mandibular permanent first molar (before eruption of the second molar)

In the mandible, sex was not significantly associated with space closure (OR 1.38; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal splint vs No treatment or placebo (non-occlusal or transparent-foil placebo splint)

Severity of joint noise · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

It is very uncertain whether occlusal splint changes severity of joint noise compared with no treatment or placebo (non-occlusal or transparent-foil placebo… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Second molar at Demirjian stage E at extraction vs Second molar at Demirjian stage F-H at extraction

Spontaneous space closure · Children and adolescents after extraction of a maxillary permanent first molar (before eruption of the second molar)

In the maxilla, extraction at Demirjian stage E (vs later F-H) increases odds of space closure (OR 4.78; low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal splint vs Physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training, laser, TENS, manual therapy)

Participant satisfaction or quality of life · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

Occlusal splint led to lower participant satisfaction or quality of life compared with physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training,…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review