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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,252 questions · 2,353 findings · 210 reviews · Neonatal

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No studies found 432 · 18.4%GRADE not reported 99 · 4.2%Very low 609 · 25.9%Low 737 · 31.3%Moderate 385 · 16.4%High 91 · 3.9%

Intervention not reported

Use of one or more red blood cell transfusions (low and high dose of EPO) during initial hospital stay · preterm infants with low birth weight

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes use of one or more red blood cell transfusions (low and high dose of… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Necrotising Enterocolitis ≥ Bell's stage 2 during initial hospital stay · preterm infants with low birth weight

The intervention showed no clear difference in necrotising Enterocolitis ≥ Bell's stage 2 during initial hospital… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Retinopathy of prematurity (all stages or stage not reported) during initial hospital stay · preterm infants with low birth weight

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes retinopathy of prematurity (all stages or stage not reported) during… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Retinopathy of prematurity (stage ≥ 3) during initial hospital stay · preterm infants with low birth weight

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes retinopathy of prematurity (stage ≥ 3) during initial hospital stay (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Use of initial sustained inflation vs standard inflations

Death ‒in the delivery room · preterm infants resuscitated by PPV at birth

Use of initial sustained inflation showed no clear difference in death ‒in the delivery room compared with standard inflations (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Chronic lung disease ‒moderate to severe BPD · infants below 33 weeks of postmenstrual age who required resuscitation in the delivery room

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes chronic lung disease ‒moderate to severe BPD (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Cranial ultrasound abnormalities ‒intraventricular haemorrhage grade 3 to 4 · infants below 33 weeks of postmenstrual age who required resuscitation in the delivery room

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes cranial ultrasound abnormalities ‒intraventricular haemorrhage grade… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Use of initial sustained inflation vs standard inflations

Death at hospital discharge · preterm infants resuscitated by PPV at birth

Use of initial sustained inflation showed no clear difference in death ‒before discharge compared with standard inflations (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Use of initial sustained inflation vs standard inflations

Incidence of mechanical ventilation · preterm infants resuscitated by PPV at birth

Use of initial sustained inflation showed no clear difference in rate of mechanical ventilation compared with standard inflations (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Use of initial sustained inflation vs standard inflations

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease · preterm infants resuscitated by PPV at birth

Use of initial sustained inflation showed no clear difference in chronic lung disease ‒any grade compared with standard inflations (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Use of initial sustained inflation vs standard inflations

Chronic lung disease ‐ moderate to severe BPD · preterm infants resuscitated by PPV at birth

Use of initial sustained inflation showed no clear difference in chronic lung disease ‒moderate to severe BPD compared with standard inflations (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Use of initial sustained inflation vs standard inflations

Intraventricular haemorrhage, Papile grade 3/4 · preterm infants resuscitated by PPV at birth

Use of initial sustained inflation showed no clear difference in cranial ultrasound abnormalities ‒Intraventricular haemorrhage grade… compared with standard inflations (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review