Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,218 questions · 1,325 findings · 34 reviews · Oral medicine and oral cancer

No studies found 164 · 12.4%GRADE not reported 841 · 63.5%Very low 209 · 15.8%Low 72 · 5.4%Moderate 38 · 2.9%High 1 · 0.1%

Hypnosis vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Average pain scores (0-100 VAS) · People with cancer receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy (or both) who have oral mucositis

Hypnosis showed no clear difference in average pain scores (0-100 VAS) compared with control (treatment as usual); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Altered fractionation radiotherapy (hyperfractionated and/or accelerated) vs Conventional (standard) fractionation radiotherapy

Locoregional control · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…

Hyperfractionated/accelerated radiotherapy led to lower locoregional control compared with conventional (standard) fractionation radiotherapy; GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review

Accelerated radiotherapy with concomitant boost vs Conventional (standard) fractionation radiotherapy

Locoregional control · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…
1 finding from 1 review

Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pethidine vs Staff-controlled delivery of pethidine

Daily mean opiate intake per hour · People with cancer receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy (or both) who have oral mucositis

Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pethidine showed no clear difference in daily mean opiate intake per hour compared with staff-controlled delivery of pethidine; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine mouthwash vs Salt and soda mouthwash

Mucositis eradicated · People with cancer receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy (or both) who have oral mucositis

Chlorhexidine mouthwash showed no clear difference in mucositis eradicated compared with salt and soda mouthwash; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Fluconazole (absorbed from GI tract) vs Ketoconazole (absorbed from GI tract)

Mycological: eradication of oral candidiasis · Patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy with overt oral candidiasis

Fluconazole (absorbed from GI tract) showed no clear difference in mycological: eradication of oral candidiasis compared with ketoconazole (absorbed from GI tract); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Low dose rate interstitial radiotherapy vs High dose rate interstitial radiotherapy

Locoregional control · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…

Low dose rate interstitial radiotherapy showed no clear difference in locoregional control compared with high dose rate interstitial radiotherapy; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Hyperfractionated/accelerated split-course radiotherapy vs Accelerated radiotherapy with concomitant boost

Total mortality · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…
1 finding from 1 review

Miconazole 50 mg tablet (partially absorbed) vs Miconazole 500 mg gel (partially absorbed)

Clinical: eradication of oral candidiasis · Patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy with overt oral candidiasis

Miconazole 50 mg tablet (partially absorbed) showed no clear difference in clinical: eradication of oral candidiasis compared with miconazole 500 mg gel (partially absorbed); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Fluconazole (absorbed from GI tract) vs Itraconazole

Clinical: eradication of oral candidiasis · Patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy with overt oral candidiasis

Fluconazole (absorbed from GI tract) showed no clear difference in clinical: eradication of oral candidiasis compared with itraconazole (absorbed from GI tract); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Any antifungal intervention for the treatment of oral candidiasis vs Placebo, no treatment, or another active antifungal intervention

Cost of oral care · Patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy with overt oral candidiasis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Altered fractionation radiotherapy (hyperfractionated and/or accelerated) vs Conventional (standard) fractionation radiotherapy

Disease-free survival · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…

Altered fractionation radiotherapy (hyperfractionated and/or… showed no clear difference in disease free survival compared with conventional (standard) fractionation radiotherapy; GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review

Human placental extract vs Disprin (aspirin/betamethasone)

Improvement in mucositis · People with cancer receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy (or both) who have oral mucositis

Human placental extract led to higher improvement in mucositis compared with disprin (aspirin/betamethasone); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Relaxation and imagery training vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Average pain scores (0-100 VAS) · People with cancer receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy (or both) who have oral mucositis

Relaxation and imagery training showed no clear difference in average pain scores (0-100 VAS) compared with control (treatment as usual); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

'Magic' mouthwash (lidocaine, diphenhydramine, aluminium hydroxide) vs Salt and soda mouthwash

Mucositis eradicated · People with cancer receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy (or both) who have oral mucositis

'Magic' mouthwash (lidocaine, diphenhydramine, aluminium hydroxide) showed no clear difference in mucositis eradicated compared with salt and soda mouthwash; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Neutron radiotherapy vs Conventional photon radiotherapy

Disease-free survival · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…

Neutron radiotherapy showed no clear difference in disease free survival compared with conventional photon radiotherapy; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Hyperfractionated radiotherapy vs Conventional (standard) fractionation radiotherapy

Locoregional control · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…

Hyperfractionated radiotherapy led to lower locoregional control compared with conventional (standard) fractionation radiotherapy; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review