What do systematic reviews say?

Tuberculosis outreach screening vs no intervention

It is very uncertain whether tuberculosis outreach screening changes long‐term tuberculosis prevalence compared with no intervention (very low certainty).

• Interventions to increase tuberculosis case detection at primary healthcare or community‐level services 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.14 [0.65, 2]
  556836 participants
  Very low

Health promotion activities vs no intervention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions to increase tuberculosis case detection at primary healthcare or community‐level services 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Health promotion activities vs no intervention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions to increase tuberculosis case detection at primary healthcare or community‐level services 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Corticosteroids vs control

Any corticosteroid leads to lower death compared with control (high certainty).

• Corticosteroids for managing tuberculous meningitis 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.75 [0.65, 0.87]
  9 studies · 1337 participants
  High

Corticosteroids vs control

Any corticosteroid showed no clear difference in disabling neurological deficit compared with control (low certainty).

• Corticosteroids for managing tuberculous meningitis 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.92 [0.71, 1.2]
  8 studies · 1314 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in virological success (high certainty).

• Efavirenz or nevirapine in three‐drug combination therapy with two nucleoside or nucleotide‐reverse transcriptase… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.04 [0.99, 1.09]
  10 studies · 2438 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in severe adverse events: pyrexia (low certainty).

• Efavirenz or nevirapine in three‐drug combination therapy with two nucleoside or nucleotide‐reverse transcriptase… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.65 [0.15, 2.73]
  3 studies · 1799 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The intervention leads to lower severe adverse events: raised transaminases (high certainty).

• Efavirenz or nevirapine in three‐drug combination therapy with two nucleoside or nucleotide‐reverse transcriptase… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.52 [0.35, 0.78]
  3 studies · 1299 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in severe adverse events: raised alkaline phosphatase (low certainty).

• Efavirenz or nevirapine in three‐drug combination therapy with two nucleoside or nucleotide‐reverse transcriptase… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.65 [0.17, 2.5]
  1 study · 1007 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in severe adverse events: raised amylase (low certainty).

• Efavirenz or nevirapine in three‐drug combination therapy with two nucleoside or nucleotide‐reverse transcriptase… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.4 [0.72, 2.73]
  2 studies · 1071 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in severe adverse events: raised triglycerides (low certainty).

• Efavirenz or nevirapine in three‐drug combination therapy with two nucleoside or nucleotide‐reverse transcriptase… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.1 [0.39, 3.13]
  2 studies · 1071 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The intervention leads to lower severe adverse events: neutropenia (high certainty).

• Efavirenz or nevirapine in three‐drug combination therapy with two nucleoside or nucleotide‐reverse transcriptase… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.48 [0.28, 0.82]
  3 studies · 1799 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in severe adverse events: rash (moderate certainty).

• Efavirenz or nevirapine in three‐drug combination therapy with two nucleoside or nucleotide‐reverse transcriptase… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.58 [0.34, 1]
  7 studies · 2277 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Efavirenz or nevirapine in three‐drug combination therapy with two nucleoside or nucleotide‐reverse transcriptase… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 135 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Efavirenz or nevirapine in three‐drug combination therapy with two nucleoside or nucleotide‐reverse transcriptase… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 135 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in raised cholesterol (moderate certainty).

• Efavirenz or nevirapine in three‐drug combination therapy with two nucleoside or nucleotide‐reverse transcriptase… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 6.03 [0.75, 48.78]
  1 study · 64 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in mortality (moderate certainty).

• Efavirenz or nevirapine in three‐drug combination therapy with two nucleoside or nucleotide‐reverse transcriptase… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.84 [0.59, 1.19]
  8 studies · 2317 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in progression to AIDS (moderate certainty).

• Efavirenz or nevirapine in three‐drug combination therapy with two nucleoside or nucleotide‐reverse transcriptase… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.23 [0.72, 2.11]
  5 studies · 2005 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes all severe adverse events (very low certainty).

• Efavirenz or nevirapine in three‐drug combination therapy with two nucleoside or nucleotide‐reverse transcriptase… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.91 [0.71, 1.18]
  8 studies · 2329 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in discontinuation rate (moderate certainty).

• Efavirenz or nevirapine in three‐drug combination therapy with two nucleoside or nucleotide‐reverse transcriptase… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.93 [0.69, 1.25]
  9 studies · 2384 participants
  Moderate