Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · Adults undergoing orthodontic treatment
Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) led to lower patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or… compared with no special instructions (control); GRADE not reported.
3 findings from 1 review
MD -27.91 [-40.10, -15.72]
1 study · 24 participants
GRADE not reported
MD -6.50 [-17.64, 4.64]
1 study · 24 participants
GRADE not reported
MD -20.67 [-32.12, -9.22]
1 study · 24 participants
Very low
Adverse effects of pain treatment · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · Adolescents and adults undergoing orthodontic treatment
Low‐level laser therapy (LLLT) showed no clear difference in patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or… compared with placebo (or no irradiation); GRADE not reported.
5 findings from 1 review
MD -10.63 [-22.33, 1.07]
2 studies · 118 participants
GRADE not reported
MD -6.39 [-8.65, -4.13]
1 study · 58 participants
GRADE not reported
Two further studies (160 participants) used bespoke assessments. Harazaki 1997 (84 participants): slightly lower proportion reporting severe pain in the intervention group, no inferential statistics. Turhani 2006 (76…
2 studies · 160 participants
GRADE not reported
Show 2 more findings
MD -10.76 [-13.80, -7.73]
2 studies · 118 participants
GRADE not reported
MD -20.27 [-24.50, -16.04]
2 studies · 118 participants
Low
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · Adolescents/teenagers undergoing orthodontic treatment
Experimental chewing adjuncts (bite wafers or chewing gum) showed no clear difference in patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or… compared with no chewing gum, placebo, or control (no adjunct); GRADE not reported.
5 findings from 1 review
MD -1.39 [-3.24, 0.64]
1 study · 39 participants
GRADE not reported
MD -29.16 [-51.67, -6.65]
1 study · 39 participants
GRADE not reported
MD -15.17 [-32.44, 2.11]
2 studies · 96 participants
GRADE not reported
Show 2 more findings
MD -15.38 [-28.90, -1.86]
2 studies · 96 participants
Very low
Non‐pharmacological interventions for alleviating pain during orthodontic treatment 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes1 day · Bite wafer subgroup (median data, opposite direction)
Otasevic 2006 (84 participants) presented median values only and reported higher median pain in the bite wafer group than the group who avoided chewing at one day (P = 0.006); data not suitable for meta‐analysis.
1 study · 84 participants
GRADE not reported
Band failure (band adhesive loosening) · Patients with full arch fixed orthodontic appliances with bands attached to molars (patients with cleft lip/palate or other craniofacial…
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects of pain treatment · Adolescents and adults undergoing orthodontic treatment
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief: VAS (1 mm to 100 mm) ‐ 24 hours. Assumed risk: Not measured. Corresponding risk: not estimable. 39 participants (1 RCT). Quality: very low. Comments: insufficient…
1 study · 39 participants
Very low
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · Adolescents and adults undergoing orthodontic treatment
Vibratory stimulation (vibratory adjuncts) showed no clear difference in patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or… compared with no vibration or placebo vibration; GRADE not reported.
5 findings from 1 review
MD 1.28 [-3.16, 5.71]
3 studies · 154 participants
GRADE not reported
MD -0.52 [-9.41, 8.36]
2 studies · 115 participants
GRADE not reported
Lobre 2015 (high risk of bias): mean overall pain intensity 8.49 mm lower on the VAS during the second month (P = 0.04) and 6.26 mm lower during the fourth month (P = 0.03); no evidence of benefit at month one or month…
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Show 2 more findings
Zinc polycarboxylate cement vs Any other orthodontic band adhesive
Outcome not reported · Patients with full arch fixed orthodontic appliances with bands attached to molars (patients with cleft lip/palate or other craniofacial…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects of pain treatment · Adults undergoing orthodontic treatment
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Taste preference (patient preference) · Patients with full arch fixed orthodontic appliances with bands attached to molars (patients with cleft lip/palate or other craniofacial…
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · Adults undergoing orthodontic treatment
Brain wave music (BWM) showed no clear difference in patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or… compared with no special instructions (control); GRADE not reported.
3 findings from 1 review
MD -4.72 [-15.83, 6.39]
1 study · 24 participants
GRADE not reported
MD -26.65 [-39.06, -14.24]
1 study · 24 participants
Very low
MD -23.44 [-36.82, -10.06]
1 study · 24 participants
GRADE not reported
Adverse effects of pain treatment · Adolescents/teenagers undergoing orthodontic treatment
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Decalcification · Patients with full arch fixed orthodontic appliances with bands attached to molars (patients with cleft lip/palate or other craniofacial…
1 finding from 1 review
Adhesives for fixed orthodontic bands 2016 · Cochrane All outcomesApproximately 12 months (to end of treatment)
No statistical analysis. Kvam 1983 (28 participants): 4 teeth affected by small decalcification spots (reversed by polishing and fluoride), all with the zinc phosphate cement. Galarraga 2003 (40 participants): 8…
2 studies · 68 participants
GRADE not reported
Adverse effects of pain treatment · Adults undergoing orthodontic treatment
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Dose/intensity and frequency of pain relief needed (analgesic/rescue medication use) · Adolescents and adults undergoing orthodontic treatment
Vibratory stimulation (vibratory adjuncts) led to lower dose/intensity and frequency of pain relief needed (analgesic/rescue… compared with no vibration or placebo vibration; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.63 [0.44, 0.92]
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Decalcification · Patients with full arch fixed orthodontic appliances with bands attached to molars (patients with cleft lip/palate or other craniofacial…
1 finding from 1 review
Adhesives for fixed orthodontic bands 2016 · Cochrane All outcomesApproximately 12 months (to end of treatment)
Gillgrass 2001 (98 participants): comparison of change in mean enamel white spot lesion scores during treatment showed no statistically significant difference between chemically cured glass ionomer and light-cured…
1 study · 98 participants
GRADE not reported