Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

767 questions · 780 findings · 55 reviews · Public Health

Sort:Best matchNewestHighest certainty Download CSV

No studies found 162 · 20.8%GRADE not reported 52 · 6.7%Very low 231 · 29.6%Low 191 · 24.5%Moderate 122 · 15.6%High 22 · 2.8%

Intervention not reported

Illicit drug use · children and young people aged 0 to 18 years

The intervention showed no clear difference in illicit drug use (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Individual‐, family‐, and school‐level interventions targeting multiple risk behaviours in young people 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.94 [0.71, 1.25]
3 studies · 638 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Antisocial behaviour · children and young people aged 0 to 18 years

The intervention showed no clear difference in antisocial behaviour (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Individual‐, family‐, and school‐level interventions targeting multiple risk behaviours in young people 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.21 [0.92, 1.6]
4 studies · 764 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Vehicle‐related risk behaviour · children and young people aged 0 to 18 years

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes vehicle‐related risk behaviour (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Individual‐, family‐, and school‐level interventions targeting multiple risk behaviours in young people 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.59 [0.14, 2.48]
2 studies · 94 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Sexual risk behaviour · children and young people aged 0 to 18 years

The intervention showed no clear difference in sexual risk behaviour (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Individual‐, family‐, and school‐level interventions targeting multiple risk behaviours in young people 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.73 [0.49, 1.08]
2 studies · 494 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Physical activity · children and young people aged 0 to 18 years

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Individual‐, family‐, and school‐level interventions targeting multiple risk behaviours in young people 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Tobacco use · children and young people aged 0 to 18 years

The intervention showed no clear difference in tobacco use (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Individual‐, family‐, and school‐level interventions targeting multiple risk behaviours in young people 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.03 [0.32, 3.27]
2 studies · 1549 participants
Low

Provision of maize flour or maize flour products fortified with iron plus other vitamins and minerals vs unfortified maize flours or maize flour products

Anaemia · general population older than 2 years of age (including pregnant women), in Kenya and Mexico

It is very uncertain whether provision of maize flour or maize flour products fortified with iron… changes anaemia (defined as haemoglobin (Hb) below WHO cut‐off, adjusted for… compared with unfortified maize flours or maize flour products (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of maize flour with iron for controlling anaemia and iron deficiency in populations 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.9 [0.58, 1.4]
2 studies · 1027 participants
Very low

Provision of maize flour or maize flour products fortified with iron plus other vitamins and minerals vs unfortified maize flours or maize flour products

Iron deficiency (as defined by study authors, based on a biomarker of iron status) · general population older than 2 years of age (including pregnant women), in Kenya and Mexico

It is very uncertain whether provision of maize flour or maize flour products fortified with iron… changes iron deficiency (as defined by trialists, based on a biomarker of… compared with unfortified maize flours or maize flour products (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of maize flour with iron for controlling anaemia and iron deficiency in populations 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.75 [0.49, 1.15]
2 studies · 1102 participants
Very low

Provision of maize flour or maize flour products fortified with iron plus other vitamins and minerals vs unfortified maize flours or maize flour products

Haemoglobin (g/dL) · general population older than 2 years of age (including pregnant women), in Kenya and Mexico

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of maize flour with iron for controlling anaemia and iron deficiency in populations 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 1144 participants
Very low

Provision of maize flour or maize flour products fortified with iron plus other vitamins and minerals vs unfortified maize flours or maize flour products

Ferritin (µg/L) · general population older than 2 years of age (including pregnant women), in Kenya and Mexico

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of maize flour with iron for controlling anaemia and iron deficiency in populations 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 584 participants
Very low

Provision of maize flour or maize flour products fortified with iron plus other vitamins and minerals vs unfortified maize flours or maize flour products

Any adverse effects (including constipation, nausea, vomiting, heartburn or diarrhoea, as measured by trialists) · general population older than 2 years of age (including pregnant women), in Kenya and Mexico

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of maize flour with iron for controlling anaemia and iron deficiency in populations 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings: strategies to improve the implementation of workplace‐based health promotion vs no implementation strategy

Implementation of workplace‐based policies or practices targeting diet, physical activity, obesity, tobacco use or alcohol use · workplace employees

Summary of findings: strategies to improve the implementation of… showed no clear difference in implementation of workplace‐based policies or practices targeting… compared with no implementation strategy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Strategies to improve the implementation of workplace‐based policies or practices targeting tobacco, alcohol, diet,… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 191 participants
Low

Summary of findings: strategies to improve the implementation of workplace‐based health promotion vs no implementation strategy

Employee dietary intake · workplace employees

1 finding from 1 review

Strategies to improve the implementation of workplace‐based policies or practices targeting tobacco, alcohol, diet,… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 19419 participants
Very low

Summary of findings: strategies to improve the implementation of workplace‐based health promotion vs no implementation strategy

Employee tobacco use · workplace employees

1 finding from 1 review

Strategies to improve the implementation of workplace‐based policies or practices targeting tobacco, alcohol, diet,… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 18205 participants
Low

Summary of findings: strategies to improve the implementation of workplace‐based health promotion vs no implementation strategy

Employee physical activity, weight status, and alcohol use · workplace employees

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Strategies to improve the implementation of workplace‐based policies or practices targeting tobacco, alcohol, diet,… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings: strategies to improve the implementation of workplace‐based health promotion vs no implementation strategy

Costs and cost‐effectiveness · workplace employees

1 finding from 1 review

Strategies to improve the implementation of workplace‐based policies or practices targeting tobacco, alcohol, diet,… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 46 participants
Low

Summary of findings: strategies to improve the implementation of workplace‐based health promotion vs no implementation strategy

Unintended or adverse effects · workplace employees

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Strategies to improve the implementation of workplace‐based policies or practices targeting tobacco, alcohol, diet,… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Early vs delayed school starts

Student academic outcomes · students aged 13‐19

1 finding from 1 review

Later school start times for supporting the education, health, and well‐being of high school students 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 254743 participants
Very low

Early vs delayed school starts

Subjective sleep quality or quantity · students aged 13‐19

1 finding from 1 review

Later school start times for supporting the education, health, and well‐being of high school students 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 52340 participants
Very low

Early vs delayed school starts

Mental health outcomes · students aged 13‐19

1 finding from 1 review

Later school start times for supporting the education, health, and well‐being of high school students 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1200 participants
Very low