It is very uncertain whether amino acid solution, alone or in combination with dextrose changes mortality compared with dextrose solution (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether branch chain amino acids changes complications compared with dextrose (very low certainty).
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
Oral nutritional supplements showed no clear difference in complications compared with multivitamin and mineral supplement (low certainty).
Oral nutritional supplements showed no clear difference in mortality compared with multivitamin and mineral supplement (low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether postoperative parenteral nutrition changes mortality compared with oral nutrition alone (very low certainty).
Immunonutrition showed no clear difference in complications compared with standard nutritional supplements (low certainty).
Immunonutrition may leads to lower mortality compared with standard nutritional supplements (low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether preoperative oral nutritional support changes complications compared with normal diet (very low certainty).
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
It is very uncertain whether preoperative oral nutritional support changes mortality compared with normal diet (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether shock wave lithotripsy changes stone‐free rate compared with dissolution therapy (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether shock wave lithotripsy changes serious adverse events or complications of treatment compared with ureteroscopy with holmium laser or pneumatic lithotripsy (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether shock wave lithotripsy changes second procedures compared with ureteroscopy with holmium laser or pneumatic lithotripsy (very low certainty).
Shock wave lithotripsy probably leads to lower stone‐free rate compared with mini‐percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (moderate certainty).