Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

762 questions · 830 findings · 43 reviews · Orthodontics

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No studies found 186 · 22.4%GRADE not reported 410 · 49.4%Very low 122 · 14.7%Low 79 · 9.5%Moderate 30 · 3.6%High 3 · 0.4%

Fixation and stabilisation (splint type/duration) vs Different splint, no splint, or different splinting duration

Outcome not reported · People with avulsed and replanted permanent (front) teeth

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for treating traumatised permanent front teeth: avulsed (knocked out) and replanted 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

12,500 ppm F (NaF/olaflur/dectaflur) amine fluoride gel vs Placebo gel

Number of participants with more severe DLs (severity of DLs) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
At debond (end of orthodontic treatment)
Additional SoF Table 1. Number of participants with more severe DLs: none of the trials reported this outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

Hyperbaric oxygen (following replantation) vs control

Tooth survival · People with avulsed and replanted permanent (front) teeth

It is very uncertain whether hyperbaric oxygen (following replantation) changes tooth survival at 12 months compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for treating traumatised permanent front teeth: avulsed (knocked out) and replanted 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
12 months
RR 1.21 [1.07, 1.36]
1 study · 69 participants
Very low

Patient-used 5000 ppm F toothpaste, daily vs 1450 to 1500 ppm F toothpaste

Number of participants with more severe DLs (severity of DLs) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
At debond (end of orthodontic treatment)
SoF 3. Number of participants with more severe DLs: none of the trials reported this outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

1400/250 ppm F (amine F/SnF2) toothpaste + mouthrinse, daily vs 1400/250 ppm F (NaF) toothpaste + mouthrinse, daily

Number of participants with more severe DLs (severity of DLs) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
At debond (end of orthodontic treatment)
Additional SoF Table 2. Number of participants with more severe DLs: none of the trials reported this outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

1400/250 ppm F (amine F/SnF2) toothpaste + mouthrinse, daily vs 1400/250 ppm F (NaF) toothpaste + mouthrinse, daily

Adverse effects · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
At debond (end of orthodontic treatment)
Additional SoF Table 2. Adverse effects: none of the trials reported this outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

Ledermix root canal medicament (day 0 to 10) vs Ultracal root canal medicament (day 7 to 10)

Adverse effects · People with avulsed and replanted permanent (front) teeth

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for treating traumatised permanent front teeth: avulsed (knocked out) and replanted 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
Day 2012 used a formal methodology to identify and report adverse effects, with none identified.
1 study · 22 participants
GRADE not reported

Thymosin alpha 1 (10-minute soak prior to replantation) vs Normal saline

Tooth survival · People with avulsed and replanted permanent (front) teeth

It is very uncertain whether thymosin alpha 1 (10-minute soak prior to replantation) changes tooth survival at 12 months compared with control (saline) (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Interventions for treating traumatised permanent front teeth: avulsed (knocked out) and replanted 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
12 months
RR 1.46 [1.11, 1.91]
1 study · 73 participants
Very low
Interventions for treating traumatised permanent front teeth: avulsed (knocked out) and replanted 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
48 months
RR 3.58 [1.86, 6.89]
1 study · 73 participants
Very low

Slow-release fluoride device (fluoride glass beads) vs Fluoride mouthrinse

Number of participants with more severe DLs (severity of DLs) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
At debond (end of orthodontic treatment)
Additional SoF Table 3. Number of participants with more severe DLs: none of the trials reported this outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

1400/250 ppm F (amine F/SnF2) toothpaste + mouthrinse, daily vs 1400/250 ppm F (NaF) toothpaste + mouthrinse, daily

Gingival bleeding (various bleeding indices) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)

It is very uncertain whether 1400/250 ppm F (amine F/SnF2) toothpaste + mouthrinse, daily changes gingival bleeding index (mean change from baseline) compared with 1400/250 ppm F (NaF) toothpaste + mouthrinse, daily (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
At debond; follow-up 1.5 years
MD -0.07 [-0.15, 0.01]
1 study · 97 participants
Very low

Extra-oral pulp extirpation at day 0 vs Intra-oral pulp extirpation at day 7

Adverse effects · People with avulsed and replanted permanent (front) teeth

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for treating traumatised permanent front teeth: avulsed (knocked out) and replanted 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
Giannetti 2006 did not report this outcome; following email correspondence, authors reported no adverse effects were seen (uncertain whether formally assessed).
1 study
GRADE not reported

Ledermix root canal medicament (day 0 to 10) vs Ultracal root canal medicament (day 7 to 10)

Aesthetics (discolouration) at 12 months (patient level) · People with avulsed and replanted permanent (front) teeth

It is very uncertain whether ledermix root canal medicament (day 0 to 10) changes aesthetics (discolouration) at 12 months (patient level) compared with ultracal root canal medicament (day 7 to 10) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for treating traumatised permanent front teeth: avulsed (knocked out) and replanted 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
12 months
RR 7.20 [1.03, 50.28]
1 study · 22 participants
Very low

1400/250 ppm F (amine F/SnF2) toothpaste + mouthrinse, daily vs 1400/250 ppm F (NaF) toothpaste + mouthrinse, daily

White spot lesion index (mean change from baseline) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)

It is very uncertain whether 1400/250 ppm F (amine F/SnF2) toothpaste + mouthrinse, daily changes white spot lesion index (mean change from baseline) compared with 1400/250 ppm F (NaF) toothpaste + mouthrinse, daily (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
At debond; follow-up 1.5 years
MD -0.05 [-0.10, 0]
1 study · 97 participants
Very low

Treatment with antibiotics vs No antibiotics, placebo, or different types of antibiotics

Outcome not reported · People with avulsed and replanted permanent (front) teeth

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for treating traumatised permanent front teeth: avulsed (knocked out) and replanted 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Thymosin alpha 1 (10-minute soak prior to replantation) vs Normal saline

Pain · People with avulsed and replanted permanent (front) teeth

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for treating traumatised permanent front teeth: avulsed (knocked out) and replanted 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
day 1
A benefit in pain scores was reported on day 1 in favour of the thymosin alpha 1 group; no difference found on days 2 and 5.
1 study · 73 participants
GRADE not reported

Fluoride varnish vs Non-fluoride (placebo) varnish

Number of participants with new demineralised lesions (DLs) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)

Professionally-applied fluoride varnish (7700 or 10,000 ppm F),… showed no clear difference in number of participants with new demineralised lesions (DLs) compared with non-fluoride (placebo) varnish (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
At debond; follow-up 1.7 years
RR 0.52 [0.14, 1.93]
2 studies · 405 participants
Low

Patient-used 250 ppm F mouthrinse (100 ppm amine F/150 ppm NaF), daily vs 0 ppm F placebo mouthrinse, daily

Adverse effects · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
At debond (end of orthodontic treatment)
SoF 4. Adverse effects: none of the trials reported this outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

Fluoride varnish vs Non-fluoride (placebo) varnish

Number of participants with more severe DLs (score 3 or 4 versus 1 or 2) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)

Professionally-applied fluoride varnish (7700 ppm F ammonium… may leads to lower number of participants with more severe DLs (score 3 or 4 versus 1… compared with non-fluoride (placebo) varnish (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
At debond; follow-up 1.7 years
RR 0.46 [0.22, 0.95]
1 study · 148 participants
Low

Resin-modified glass ionomer cement for bonding orthodontic brackets vs Composite resin for bonding brackets

Number of participants with new demineralised lesions (DLs) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)

Resin-modified glass ionomer cement for bonding orthodontic brackets showed no clear difference in number of participants with new demineralised lesions (DLs) compared with light-cured composite resin for bonding brackets (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
At debond; follow-up 17.6 months
RR 1.17 [0.69, 1.99]
1 study · 173 participants
Low

Hyperbaric oxygen (following replantation) vs control

Adverse effects · People with avulsed and replanted permanent (front) teeth

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for treating traumatised permanent front teeth: avulsed (knocked out) and replanted 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
Chen 2000 did not report this outcome; following email correspondence, authors reported no adverse effects were seen (uncertain whether formally assessed).
1 study
GRADE not reported